PMID- 38056100 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240129 LR - 20240208 IS - 1872-6976 (Electronic) IS - 0167-4943 (Linking) VI - 118 DP - 2024 Mar TI - Evaluating the impact of aerobic and resistance green exercises on the fitness, aerobic and intrinsic capacity of older individuals. PG - 105281 LID - S0167-4943(23)00359-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.archger.2023.105281 [doi] AB - OBJECTIVE: Our study determined the impact of 12-week aerobic exercise (AE) and aerobic + resistance exercises (AE + RE) within the green exercise concept, on senior fitness, aerobic capacity, and intrinsic capacity (IC). METHODS: The study was a multicenter, randomized controlled study conducted at two senior living facilities with individuals aged 65 and above whose cardiorespiratory and musculoskeletal conditions are suitable for moderate exercise and who have normal cognition levels. Block randomization was applied to 96 participants in a ratio of 1:1:1 to be assigned to AE, AE + RE, and control (C) groups. Intervention groups received exercise sessions led by physiotherapists within the senior living facilitiy gardens, with a frequency of once a week for 50 min, for 12 weeks. Also, they were prescribed additional exercise sessions on two additional days of the week. At the commencement of the study and 12th week, shuttle walking test, senior fitness test (SFT), intrinsic capacity assessment (with Timed Up and Go test, Mini Mental State Examination, Geriatric Depression Scale-15, Mini Nutritional Assessment, handgrip strength test) was conducted of all participants. The primary outcome was the Z score of IC, secondary outcomes were VO(2max) and SFT subparameters. The study was registered in the Protocol Registry and Results System (Clinicaltrials.gov PRS) with the registration number NCT05958745. RESULTS: 90 participants successfully completed the study, with 30 individuals in each of the AE, AE + RE, and C groups. By the end of the 12th week, the arm curl score was significantly higher in the AE + RE compared to the C (mean difference: 3.96, 95 % CI= 2.47 to 5.46, p = 0.01). There were significant differences in chair stand, two-minute step, 8-foot up-and-go, chair sit and reach, and back scratch tests in both AE and AE + RE compared to C. AE and AE + RE exhibited significantly higher shuttle test distances and VO(2max) values compared to the C (p < 0.0001). AE + RE achieved a significantly higher total IC score than the C (mean difference: 0.59, %95 CI= -0.07 to 1.26, p = 0.025). CONCLUSION: In this study within the green exercise concept, both AE and AE + RE led to similar improvements in strength, flexibility, mobility, endurance, and aerobic capacity. Notably, AE + RE demonstrated an additional benefit by increasing the total IC, while AE alone did not exhibit the same effect. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Yildirim Ayaz, Elif AU - Yildirim Ayaz E AD - University of Health Sciences, Sultan 2. Abdulhamid Han Training and Research Hospital, Internal Medicine Clinic, Selimiye, Tibbiye Cd, 34668 Uskudar, Istanbul Turkey. Electronic address: drelifyildirim@hotmail.com. FAU - Dincer, Berna AU - Dincer B AD - Istanbul Medeniyet University Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, Kartal Cevizli Yerleskesi, Atalar Mh. Sehit Hakan Kurban Cd., 34862 Kartal, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Mete, Emel AU - Mete E AD - Istanbul Medeniyet University Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiothetapy and Rehabilitation, Kartal Cevizli Yerleskesi, Atalar Mh. Sehit Hakan Kurban Cd., 34862 Kartal, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Kaygusuz Benli, Reyhan AU - Kaygusuz Benli R AD - Demiroglu Science University, Health Science Faculty, Department of Physiothetapy and Rehabilitation, Yazarlar St. No:17, 34394 Esentepe Sisli, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Cinbaz, Gulser AU - Cinbaz G AD - Istanbul Medeniyet University Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiothetapy and Rehabilitation, Kartal Cevizli Yerleskesi, Atalar Mh. Sehit Hakan Kurban Cd., 34862 Kartal, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Karacan, Esra AU - Karacan E AD - Yeditepe University, Health Science Faculty, Department of Physiothetapy and Rehabilitation, Kayisdagi, Inonu Mahallesi, Kayisdagi Cd., 34755 Atasehir, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Cankul, Aysegul AU - Cankul A AD - Medipol University Hospital, Internal Medicine and Onkology Clinic, TEM Avrupa Otoyolu Goztepe Cikisi No:1, 34214, Bagcilar, Istanbul, Turkey. FAU - Mesci, Banu AU - Mesci B AD - Istanbul Medeniyet University Goztepe Prof. Dr. Suleyman Yalcin City Hospital, Internal Medicine Clinic, Egitim Mah. Fahrettin Kerim Gokay, Caddesi Kadikoy, Istanbul, Turkey. LA - eng SI - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT05958745 PT - Journal Article PT - Multicenter Study PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20231127 PL - Netherlands TA - Arch Gerontol Geriatr JT - Archives of gerontology and geriatrics JID - 8214379 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Aged MH - *Postural Balance MH - *Hand Strength MH - Time and Motion Studies MH - Exercise MH - Exercise Therapy/methods MH - Physical Fitness OTO - NOTNLM OT - Aerobic capacity OT - Green exercise OT - Intrinsic capacity OT - Older individuals OT - Senior fitness COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2023/12/07 00:42 MHDA- 2024/01/29 06:43 CRDT- 2023/12/06 18:06 PHST- 2023/09/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/11/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/11/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/01/29 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/12/07 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/12/06 18:06 [entrez] AID - S0167-4943(23)00359-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.archger.2023.105281 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2024 Mar;118:105281. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.105281. Epub 2023 Nov 27.