PMID- 38071301
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20231216
LR  - 20231216
IS  - 1746-6148 (Electronic)
IS  - 1746-6148 (Linking)
VI  - 19
IP  - 1
DP  - 2023 Dec 9
TI  - Pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine in anaesthetized horses following repeated 
      subcutaneous administration and intravenous constant rate infusion.
PG  - 264
LID - 10.1186/s12917-023-03831-w [doi]
LID - 264
AB  - BACKGROUND: The inclusion of dexmedetomidine (DEX) within a balanced general 
      anaesthesia protocol is effective in improving the clinical outcome and recovery 
      quality of anaesthesia in horses. This study aimed to determine the 
      pharmacokinetic profile of DEX following repeated subcutaneous (SC) 
      administration at 2 microg/kg every 60 min till the end of the procedure in 
      comparison to intravenous constant rate infusion (CRI) at 1 microg/kg/h in 
      anaesthetized horses undergoing diagnostic procedures up to the end of the 
      diagnostic procedure. RESULTS: In the CRI and SC groups DEX maximum 
      concentrations (C(max)) were 0.83 +/- 0.27 ng/mL and 1.14 +/- 0.71 ng/mL, 
      respectively, reached at a time (T(max)) of 57.0 +/- 13.4 min and 105.5 +/- 29.9 min. 
      Mean residence time to the last measurable concentration (MRT(last)) was 
      11.7 +/- 6.2 and 55.8 +/- 19.7 min for the CRI group and SC groups, respectively. The 
      apparent elimination half-life was 18.0 +/- 10.0 min in the CRI group and 
      94.8 +/- 69.8 min for the SC group, whereas the area under the curve (AUC(0-last)) 
      resulted 67.7 +/- 29.3 and 83.2 +/- 60.5 min*ng/mL for CRI and SC group, 
      respectively. Clearance was 16.26 +/- 8.07 mL/min/kg for the CRI group. No signs of 
      adverse effects were recorded in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: The pharmacokinetic 
      profile of DEX following repeated SC administration in anaesthetized horses was 
      comparable to intravenous CRI administration during the intranaesthetic period 
      and beneficial during the recovery phase from general anaesthesia. The SC route 
      could be considered as an alternative to CRI for improving the recovery quality 
      of equine patients undergoing general anaesthesia.
CI  - (c) 2023. The Author(s).
FAU - Di Cesare, Federica
AU  - Di Cesare F
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2705-7635
AD  - Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Universita degli Studi di 
      Milano, Milan, Italy.
FAU - Rabbogliatti, Vanessa
AU  - Rabbogliatti V
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3149-4643
AD  - Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Universita degli Studi di 
      Milano, Milan, Italy.
FAU - Draghi, Susanna
AU  - Draghi S
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9379-2873
AD  - Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Universita degli Studi di 
      Milano, Milan, Italy. susanna.draghi@unimi.it.
FAU - Amari, Martina
AU  - Amari M
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3736-6834
AD  - Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Universita degli Studi di 
      Milano, Milan, Italy.
FAU - Brioschi, Federica Alessandra
AU  - Brioschi FA
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5321-0410
AD  - Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Universita degli Studi di 
      Milano, Milan, Italy.
FAU - Villa, Roberto
AU  - Villa R
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5536-1370
AD  - Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Universita degli Studi di 
      Milano, Milan, Italy.
FAU - Ravasio, Giuliano
AU  - Ravasio G
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5292-8722
AD  - Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Universita degli Studi di 
      Milano, Milan, Italy.
FAU - Cagnardi, Petra
AU  - Cagnardi P
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6232-4850
AD  - Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Universita degli Studi di 
      Milano, Milan, Italy.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20231209
PL  - England
TA  - BMC Vet Res
JT  - BMC veterinary research
JID - 101249759
RN  - 67VB76HONO (Dexmedetomidine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Horses
MH  - *Dexmedetomidine
MH  - Anesthesia, General/veterinary
MH  - Infusions, Intravenous/veterinary
PMC - PMC10709979
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Balanced anaesthesia
OT  - Constant rate infusion
OT  - Dexmedetomidine
OT  - Equine patient
OT  - Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry
OT  - Pharmacokinetics
OT  - Subcutaneous
COIS- The authors declare no competing interests.
EDAT- 2023/12/10 06:43
MHDA- 2023/12/17 09:44
PMCR- 2023/12/09
CRDT- 2023/12/09 23:19
PHST- 2023/07/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/11/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/12/17 09:44 [medline]
PHST- 2023/12/10 06:43 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/12/09 23:19 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/12/09 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1186/s12917-023-03831-w [pii]
AID - 3831 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/s12917-023-03831-w [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - BMC Vet Res. 2023 Dec 9;19(1):264. doi: 10.1186/s12917-023-03831-w.