PMID- 38086262 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240112 LR - 20240116 IS - 1090-2414 (Electronic) IS - 0147-6513 (Linking) VI - 269 DP - 2024 Jan 1 TI - The urinary level of 2,4,5-trichlorophenol was positively associated with both all-cause and cause-specific mortalities in general adult residents of United States. PG - 115793 LID - S0147-6513(23)01297-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115793 [doi] AB - Chlorophenols are widespread environmental organic pollutants with harmful effects on human beings. Although relationships between chlorophenols and various dysfunctions/diseases have been reported, the contribution of chlorophenols exposure to mortalities is underdetermined. In this cohort study, we included 4 types of urinary chlorophenols, aiming to estimate associations of chlorophenols exposure with all-cause and cause-specific mortalities. Urinary chlorophenols were examined at baseline of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2010, and adjusted for the urinary creatinine level. Associations between chlorophenols and mortalities were estimated using COX regression analyses, results were shown as hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). By dividing participants into four subgroups based on quartiles of urinary levels of chlorophenols, associations between mortalities and categorical variables of chlorophenols were estimated. Furthermore, the quantile g-computation analysis was used to estimate the joint effects of 4 chlorophenols on mortalities. Among 5817 adults (2863 men), 1034 were deceased during the follow-up. After adjusted for confounders, 2,4,5-trichlorophenol (2,4,5-TCP) was found to be positively associated with both all-cause (HR = 1.46; 95% CI: 1.16, 1.84) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortalities (HR = 1.60; 95% CI: 1.00, 2.55). Compared to the subgroup of the lowest level of chlorophenols, participants in subgroups of higher 2,4,5-TCP levels showed higher risk of all-cause mortality (P-value for trend = 0.003). For CVD mortality, HRs in subgroups of higher levels of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP) were statistically significant (P-values for trend were 0.017 for 2,4-DCP and 0.049 for 2,4,6-TCP). The HRs (95% CI) of joint effects of 4 chlorophenols were 1.11 (1.01, 1.21) and 1.32 (1.10, 1.57) for all-cause and CVD-specific mortalities, and 2,4,5-TCP showed the highest weight in joint effects. All of these findings implied that among 4 urinary chlorophenols we included, 2,4,5-TCP might be a sensitive one in associations with mortalities among general populations. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Wang, Huan AU - Wang H AD - Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, China; School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China. FAU - Liu, Yuyan AU - Liu Y AD - Department of Clinical Epidemiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China. FAU - Liang, Yuanhong AU - Liang Y AD - Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, China; School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China. FAU - Guo, Zijun AU - Guo Z AD - Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, China; School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China. FAU - Wang, Ying AU - Wang Y AD - Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, China; School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China. FAU - Zhang, Chengwen AU - Zhang C AD - Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, China; School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China. FAU - Qu, Litong AU - Qu L AD - Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, China; School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China. FAU - Sun, Guifan AU - Sun G AD - Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, China; School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; The Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province on Toxic and Biological Effects of Arsenic, Shenyang, China. FAU - Li, Yongfang AU - Li Y AD - Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, China; School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; The Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province on Toxic and Biological Effects of Arsenic, Shenyang, China. Electronic address: liyongfang@cmu.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20231212 PL - Netherlands TA - Ecotoxicol Environ Saf JT - Ecotoxicology and environmental safety JID - 7805381 RN - 32526637PN (2,4,5-trichlorophenol) RN - 0 (Chlorophenols) RN - 0 (Environmental Pollutants) RN - 3DLC36A01X (4-chlorophenol) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Male MH - Humans MH - United States MH - Nutrition Surveys MH - Cohort Studies MH - *Chlorophenols MH - *Environmental Pollutants MH - *Cardiovascular Diseases/urine OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cardiovascular disease OT - Chlorophenol OT - Malignant neoplasms OT - Mortality OT - Prospective study COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2023/12/13 00:41 MHDA- 2024/01/12 06:42 CRDT- 2023/12/12 18:08 PHST- 2023/08/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/12/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/12/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/01/12 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/12/13 00:41 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/12/12 18:08 [entrez] AID - S0147-6513(23)01297-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115793 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2024 Jan 1;269:115793. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115793. Epub 2023 Dec 12.