PMID- 38097457
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20240101
LR  - 20240424
IS  - 1873-2518 (Electronic)
IS  - 0264-410X (Linking)
VI  - 42
IP  - 2
DP  - 2024 Jan 12
TI  - Intranasal immunization with the recombinant measles virus encoding the spike 
      protein of SARS-CoV-2 confers protective immunity against COVID-19 in hamsters.
PG  - 69-74
LID - S0264-410X(23)01444-5 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.12.011 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: As the nasal mucosa is the initial site of infection for COVID-19, 
      intranasal vaccines are more favorable than conventional vaccines. In recent 
      clinical studies, intranasal immunization has been shown to generate higher 
      neutralizing antibodies; however, there is a lack of evidence on sterilizing 
      immunity in the upper airway. Previously, we developed a recombinant measles 
      virus encoding the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 (rMeV-S), eliciting humoral and 
      cellular immune responses against SARS-CoV-2. OBJECTIVES: In this study, we aim 
      to provide an experiment on nasal vaccines focusing on a measles virus platform 
      as well as injection routes. STUDY DESIGN: Recombinant measles viruses expressing 
      rMeV-S were prepared, and 5 x 10(5) PFUs of rMeV-S were administered to Syrian 
      golden hamsters via intramuscular or intranasal injection. Subsequently, the 
      hamsters were challenged with inoculations of 1 x 10(5) PFUs of SARS-CoV-2 and 
      euthanized 4 days post-infection. Neutralizing antibodies and RBD-specific IgG in 
      the serum and RBD-specific IgA in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were 
      measured, and SARS-CoV-2 clearance capacity was determined via quantitative 
      reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis and viral titer measurement in the 
      upper respiratory tract and lungs. Immunohistochemistry and histopathological 
      examinations of lung samples from experimental hamsters were conducted. RESULTS: 
      The intranasal immunization of rMeV-S elicits protective immune responses and 
      alleviates virus-induced pathophysiology, such as body weight reduction and lung 
      weight increase in hamsters. Furthermore, lung immunohistochemistry demonstrated 
      that intranasal rMeV-S immunization induces effective SARS-CoV-2 clearance that 
      correlates with viral RNA content, as determined by qRT-PCR, in the lung and 
      nasal wash samples, SARS-CoV-2 viral titers in lung, nasal wash, BALF samples, 
      serum RBD-specific IgG concentration, and RBD-specific IgA concentration in the 
      BALF. CONCLUSION: An intranasal vaccine based on the measles virus platform is a 
      promising strategy owing to the typical route of infection of the virus, the ease 
      of administration of the vaccine, and the strong immune response it elicits.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Park, Sang-In
AU  - Park SI
AD  - SML Biopharm, Gwangmyeong, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Park, Sohyun
AU  - Park S
AD  - Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Lee, Kunse
AU  - Lee K
AD  - SK Bioscience, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Kwak, Hye Won
AU  - Kwak HW
AD  - SML Biopharm, Gwangmyeong, Republic of Korea; The Catholic University of Korea, 
      Bucheon, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Kim, Yong Kwan
AU  - Kim YK
AD  - SML Biopharm, Gwangmyeong, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Park, Hyeong-Jun
AU  - Park HJ
AD  - SML Biopharm, Gwangmyeong, Republic of Korea; The Catholic University of Korea, 
      Bucheon, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Bang, Yoo-Jin
AU  - Bang YJ
AD  - The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Kim, Jae-Yong
AU  - Kim JY
AD  - The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Kim, Daegeun
AU  - Kim D
AD  - SML Biopharm, Gwangmyeong, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Seo, Ki-Weon
AU  - Seo KW
AD  - SK Bioscience, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Lee, Su Jeen
AU  - Lee SJ
AD  - SK Bioscience, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Kim, Hun
AU  - Kim H
AD  - SK Bioscience, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Kim, Yeonhwa
AU  - Kim Y
AD  - Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Kim, Do-Hyung
AU  - Kim DH
AD  - SML Biopharm, Gwangmyeong, Republic of Korea; The Catholic University of Korea, 
      Bucheon, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Park, Hyo-Jung
AU  - Park HJ
AD  - The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Jung, Seo-Yeon
AU  - Jung SY
AD  - SK Bioscience, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Ga, Eulhae
AU  - Ga E
AD  - Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Hwang, Jaehyun
AU  - Hwang J
AD  - Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Na, Woonsung
AU  - Na W
AD  - Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Hong, So-Hee
AU  - Hong SH
AD  - Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Lee, Sang-Myeong
AU  - Lee SM
AD  - Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: 
      smlee@chungbuk.ac.kr.
FAU - Nam, Jae-Hwan
AU  - Nam JH
AD  - The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: 
      jhnam@catholic.ac.kr.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20231214
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Vaccine
JT  - Vaccine
JID - 8406899
RN  - 0 (spike protein, SARS-CoV-2)
RN  - 0 (Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus)
RN  - 0 (Antibodies, Neutralizing)
RN  - 0 (Vaccines)
RN  - 0 (Immunoglobulin A)
RN  - 0 (Immunoglobulin G)
RN  - 0 (Antibodies, Viral)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cricetinae
MH  - SARS-CoV-2
MH  - Measles virus/genetics
MH  - *COVID-19/prevention & control
MH  - Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
MH  - Immunization
MH  - *Measles
MH  - *Orthopoxvirus
MH  - Nasal Mucosa
MH  - Antibodies, Neutralizing
MH  - *Vaccines
MH  - Immunoglobulin A
MH  - Immunoglobulin G
MH  - Antibodies, Viral
MH  - Administration, Intranasal
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Intranasal vaccination
OT  - Measles virus vector
OT  - Messenger RNA
OT  - SARS-CoV-2
COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known 
      competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared 
      to influence the work reported in this paper.
EDAT- 2023/12/15 00:43
MHDA- 2024/01/02 11:42
CRDT- 2023/12/14 21:59
PHST- 2023/04/22 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/10/12 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/12/02 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2024/01/02 11:42 [medline]
PHST- 2023/12/15 00:43 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/12/14 21:59 [entrez]
AID - S0264-410X(23)01444-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.12.011 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Vaccine. 2024 Jan 12;42(2):69-74. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.12.011. Epub 2023 
      Dec 14.