PMID- 38097714
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20231217
IS  - 2045-2322 (Electronic)
IS  - 2045-2322 (Linking)
VI  - 13
IP  - 1
DP  - 2023 Dec 14
TI  - 4-E analysis and multiple objective optimizations of a novel solar-powered 
      cogeneration energy system for the simultaneous production of electrical power 
      and heating.
PG  - 22246
LID - 10.1038/s41598-023-49344-2 [doi]
LID - 22246
AB  - Owing to its natural and rich advantages, exploration of solar energy technology 
      has become increasingly popular in recent years to counter the growing crude oil 
      prices. However, its universal adoption is still limited, not only due to 
      environmental restrictions but also due to lower overall efficiency. Rankine 
      cycle is optimised to conduct 4-E (Exergy, Energy, Economic and Ecological) 
      analysis. Furthermore, three sets (R-113, R-11, and R-1233zd) of refrigerants are 
      prioritised and ranked on the basis of 4-E analysis as outcomes. The contemporary 
      study addressed all critical factors and explains the impact of solar irradiance, 
      mass flow rate of molten salt and steam, turbine inlet pressure, and turbine 
      inlet temperature which are eventually weighed and prioritised using combined 
      multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) techniques. The energy efficiency, 
      exergetic efficiency, power/ cost of electricity, and ecological emissions are 
      taken as the indicators of the combined cycle, respectively. The energy 
      efficiency of the hybrid system is improved to 75.07% after including 
      cogeneration cycle, with an increment of 54.58%. In comparison to conventional 
      thermal powerplant setups, the power/cost of electricity and ecological 
      efficiency have been reduced by 68% and upgraded by 16%, correspondingly. Direct 
      normal radiation is the most critical factor followed by turbine inlet 
      temperature. Further, the result indicates that maximum exergy destruction that 
      occurs in the central receiver declines to 39.92%, followed by heliostat and 
      steam turbine which was 27% and 9.32% respectively. In conclusion, the hybrid 
      cycle can furnish cheaper electricity, with lower carbon imprint in sustainable 
      manner with better efficiency.
CI  - (c) 2023. The Author(s).
FAU - Ahamad, Taufique
AU  - Ahamad T
AD  - Department of Mechanical Engineering, Al-Falah University, Faridabad, Haryana, 
      121004, India.
FAU - Parvez, Mohd
AU  - Parvez M
AD  - Department of Mechanical Engineering, Al-Falah University, Faridabad, Haryana, 
      121004, India.
FAU - Lal, Shiv
AU  - Lal S
AD  - Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rajasthan Technical University, Kota, 
      India.
FAU - Khan, Osama
AU  - Khan O
AD  - Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, 
      India.
FAU - Idrisi, Mohammad Javed
AU  - Idrisi MJ
AD  - Department of Mathematics, College of Natural and Computational Science, 
      Mizan-Tepi University, Tepi, Ethiopia. javed@mtu.edu.et.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20231214
PL  - England
TA  - Sci Rep
JT  - Scientific reports
JID - 101563288
SB  - IM
PMC - PMC10721817
COIS- The authors declare no competing interests.
EDAT- 2023/12/15 00:43
MHDA- 2023/12/15 00:44
PMCR- 2023/12/14
CRDT- 2023/12/14 23:41
PHST- 2023/05/01 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/12/07 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/12/15 00:44 [medline]
PHST- 2023/12/15 00:43 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/12/14 23:41 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/12/14 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1038/s41598-023-49344-2 [pii]
AID - 49344 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/s41598-023-49344-2 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Sci Rep. 2023 Dec 14;13(1):22246. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-49344-2.