PMID- 38111211 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240131 LR - 20240206 IS - 1365-2672 (Electronic) IS - 1364-5072 (Linking) VI - 135 IP - 1 DP - 2024 Jan 2 TI - Effect of (in)organic additives on microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation. LID - lxad309 [pii] LID - 10.1093/jambio/lxad309 [doi] AB - AIM: This study aimed to understand the morphological effects of (in)organic additives on microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP). METHODS AND RESULTS: MICP was monitored in real time in the presence of (in)organic additives: bovine serum albumin (BSA), biofilm surface layer protein A (BslA), magnesium chloride (MgCl2), and poly-l-lysine. This monitoring was carried out using confocal microscopy to observe the formation of CaCO3 from the point of nucleation, in comparison to conditions without additives. Complementary methodologies, namely scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction, were employed to assess the visual morphology, elemental composition, and crystalline structures of CaCO3, respectively, following the crystals' formation. The results demonstrated that in the presence of additives, more CaCO3 crystals were produced at 100 min compared to the reaction without additives. The inclusion of BslA resulted in larger crystals than reactions containing other additives, including MgCl2. BSA induced a significant number of crystals from the early stages of the reaction (20 min) but did not have a substantial impact on crystal size compared to conditions without additives. All additives led to a higher content of calcite compared to vaterite after a 24-h reaction, with the exception of MgCl2, which produced a substantial quantity of magnesium calcite. CONCLUSIONS: The work demonstrates the effect of several (in)organic additives on MICP and sets the stage for further research to understand additive effects on MICP to achieve controlled CaCO3 precipitation. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Applied Microbiology International. FAU - Haystead, Jamie AU - Haystead J AD - Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment, Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Ellison Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, United Kingdom. FAU - Gilmour, Katie AU - Gilmour K AD - Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment, Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Ellison Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, United Kingdom. FAU - Sherry, Angela AU - Sherry A AD - Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment, Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Ellison Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, United Kingdom. FAU - Dade-Robertson, Martyn AU - Dade-Robertson M AD - Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment, School of Architecture, Planning and Landscape, The Quadrangle, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom. AD - Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment, Department of Architecture and Built Environment, Northumbria University, NE1 8ST, United Kingdom. FAU - Zhang, Meng AU - Zhang M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1089-6464 AD - Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment, Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Ellison Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, United Kingdom. LA - eng GR - EP/R003629/1/Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council/ PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - J Appl Microbiol JT - Journal of applied microbiology JID - 9706280 RN - H0G9379FGK (Calcium Carbonate) RN - 02F3473H9O (Magnesium Chloride) SB - IM MH - *Calcium Carbonate/metabolism MH - Magnesium Chloride/metabolism MH - *Sporosarcina/metabolism MH - Chemical Precipitation MH - Microscopy, Electron, Scanning OTO - NOTNLM OT - Sporosarcina pasteurii OT - (in)organic additives OT - CaCO3 morphology OT - microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) EDAT- 2023/12/19 06:42 MHDA- 2024/01/31 06:42 CRDT- 2023/12/19 02:06 PHST- 2023/10/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/11/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/12/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/01/31 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/12/19 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/12/19 02:06 [entrez] AID - 7478027 [pii] AID - 10.1093/jambio/lxad309 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Appl Microbiol. 2024 Jan 2;135(1):lxad309. doi: 10.1093/jambio/lxad309.