PMID- 381206
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19791024
LR  - 20210526
IS  - 0019-9567 (Print)
IS  - 1098-5522 (Electronic)
IS  - 0019-9567 (Linking)
VI  - 24
IP  - 3
DP  - 1979 Jun
TI  - Chlorpromazine reverses diarrhea in piglets caused by enterotoxigenic Escherichia 
      coli.
PG  - 900-5
AB  - The effect of chlorpromazine (CPZ) on diarrhea caused by enterotoxigenic 
      Escherichia coli was tested in piglets since CPZ has been shown to be a potent 
      antagonist to enterotoxins in vitro in a cell system and in vivo in a mouse 
      model. Experimental diarrhea was induced in three litters of newborn piglets 
      which were infected by mouth with 2 x 10(9)E. coli bacteria, which produce 
      heat-labile (LT) and heat-stable (ST) enterotoxins. Treatment with CPZ given 
      intramuscularly 1 h after the onset of diarrhea reversed fluid secretion in small 
      intestine as well as dehydration, as judged by clinical criteria. A dose of 5 mg 
      of CPZ per kg of body weight completely normalized the intestinal-fluid content 
      measured 4 h after diarrhea developed, whereas 1 to 2 mg of CPZ per kg of body 
      weight was somewhat less effective but still caused significant reduction of 
      fluid (P < 0.001). Studies with radioactive [(35)S]CPZ showed preferential and 
      dose-dependent uptake of (35)S in the intestinal mucosa, the radioactivity being 
      evenly distributed in the membranes of both crypt and villus cells. The enzyme 
      adenylate cyclase, which probably mediates the cellular effects of LT, was shown 
      to have two- to threefold higher activity in the infected than in the uninfected 
      animals. This activation was reduced about 50% by the CPZ treatment (2 mg/kg of 
      body weight). In a preliminary field trial the effect of CPZ was tested in a 
      spontaneous outbreak of diarrhea in piglets due to enterotoxinogenic E. coli. The 
      animals were treated either with oral electrolyte solution and standard 
      antimicrobial agents only (controls) or with 1 mg of CPZ per kg of body weight 
      intramuscularly in addition to this treatment. The mean duration of diarrhea in 
      CPZ-treated animals was significantly shorter, 4.1 h (n = 23), than that in 
      controls, 7.2 h (P < 0.05).
FAU - Lonnroth, I
AU  - Lonnroth I
FAU - Andren, B
AU  - Andren B
FAU - Lange, S
AU  - Lange S
FAU - Martinsson, K
AU  - Martinsson K
FAU - Holmgren, J
AU  - Holmgren J
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - Infect Immun
JT  - Infection and immunity
JID - 0246127
RN  - 0 (Enterotoxins)
RN  - EC 4.6.1.1 (Adenylyl Cyclases)
RN  - U42B7VYA4P (Chlorpromazine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adenylyl Cyclases/metabolism
MH  - Animals
MH  - Chlorpromazine/*therapeutic use
MH  - Diarrhea/*drug therapy/physiopathology/veterinary
MH  - Enterotoxins/biosynthesis
MH  - Escherichia coli Infections/*drug therapy/physiopathology/veterinary
MH  - Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism
MH  - Swine
MH  - Swine Diseases/drug therapy
PMC - PMC414392
EDAT- 1979/06/01 00:00
MHDA- 1979/06/01 00:01
PMCR- 1979/06/01
CRDT- 1979/06/01 00:00
PHST- 1979/06/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1979/06/01 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1979/06/01 00:00 [entrez]
PHST- 1979/06/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1128/iai.24.3.900-905.1979 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Infect Immun. 1979 Jun;24(3):900-5. doi: 10.1128/iai.24.3.900-905.1979.