PMID- 38125695
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20231222
IS  - 2168-8184 (Print)
IS  - 2168-8184 (Electronic)
IS  - 2168-8184 (Linking)
VI  - 15
IP  - 12
DP  - 2023 Dec
TI  - Prevalence and Risk Factors for IgE and IgG Cow's Milk Protein Allergies in Saudi 
      Arabia.
PG  - e50812
LID - 10.7759/cureus.50812 [doi]
LID - e50812
AB  - Cow's milk protein allergies (CMPAs) particularly occur in infancy and early 
      childhood due to an immunological allergic reaction to milk proteins. This issue 
      is increasing in Saudi Arabia and requires research to improve health status and 
      provide alternatives. Our study aims to investigate the important aspects of 
      immunoglobulin E (IgE) and IgG CMPA in Saudi Arabia regarding its prevalence and 
      association with demographic and health-related factors in both adult and 
      pediatric populations. A descriptive retrospective cross-sectional study was 
      conducted on 376 patients, comprising 314 adults aged between 19 and 86 years, 
      and 62 pediatric patients aged between one and 12 years. The study focused on 
      individuals who attended a private medical center in Jeddah city over the past 
      five years. Laboratory results for food allergy of IgE and IgG tests, including 
      cow's milk proteins (CMPs), serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), specific IgE 
      inhalant allergy results, and other health-related factors were collected from an 
      electronic record system. Results have shown that casein was the most common 
      sensitizing allergen of CMPs in adults, whereas alpha-lactalbumin was the most common 
      sensitizing allergen in pediatrics. The most frequent sensitizing allergen in IgG 
      CMP was cow's milk in 54/92 (58.7%) adults, followed by cow's sour milk products 
      41 (44.6%). Cow's milk was the most common sensitizing allergen in 20/20 (100%) 
      children. The rate of CMPA was significantly higher in children younger than five 
      years old (P =0.003), while children who interacted with pets had a marginal 
      significantly reduced rate (P = 0.054). Thus, cow's milk is the most sensitizing 
      allergen in IgG CMPs in adults and pediatrics.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2023, Baghlaf et al.
FAU - Baghlaf, Mashail A
AU  - Baghlaf MA
AD  - Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, 
      King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU.
FAU - Eid, Noura M
AU  - Eid NM
AD  - Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King 
      Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU.
AD  - King Fahd Center for Medical Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU.
FAU - Enani, Sumia
AU  - Enani S
AD  - Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, King 
      Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU.
AD  - Food, Nutrition, and Lifestyle Unit, King Fahd Center for Medical Research, King 
      Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU.
FAU - Kokandi, Samia
AU  - Kokandi S
AD  - Department of Nutrition, International Medical Center, Jeddah, SAU.
FAU - Alhussaini, Bakr
AU  - Alhussaini B
AD  - Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz 
      University, Jeddah, SAU.
FAU - Waked, Mashhoor S
AU  - Waked MS
AD  - Laluna Clinic, Healthcare Center, Jeddah, SAU.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20231219
PL  - United States
TA  - Cureus
JT  - Cureus
JID - 101596737
PMC - PMC10730981
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - adults
OT  - allergy
OT  - cow's milk protein allergies
OT  - nutrition
OT  - pediatrics
COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2023/12/21 06:43
MHDA- 2023/12/21 06:44
PMCR- 2023/12/19
CRDT- 2023/12/21 04:16
PHST- 2023/12/19 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/12/21 06:44 [medline]
PHST- 2023/12/21 06:43 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/12/21 04:16 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/12/19 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.7759/cureus.50812 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Cureus. 2023 Dec 19;15(12):e50812. doi: 10.7759/cureus.50812. eCollection 2023 
      Dec.