PMID- 38133407
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20231225
IS  - 2305-6304 (Electronic)
IS  - 2305-6304 (Linking)
VI  - 11
IP  - 12
DP  - 2023 Dec 8
TI  - Uncertainty Evaluation of Soil Heavy Metal(loid) Pollution and Health Risk in 
      Hunan Province: A Geographic Detector with Monte Carlo Simulation.
LID - 10.3390/toxics11121006 [doi]
LID - 1006
AB  - Research on soil heavy metal(loid) pollution and health risk assessment is 
      extensive, but a notable gap exists in systematically examining uncertainty in 
      this process. We employ the Nemerow index, the health risk assessment model, and 
      the geographic detector model (GDM) to analyze soil heavy metal(loid) pollution, 
      assess health risks, and identify driving factors in Hunan Province, China. 
      Furthermore, the Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) method is utilized to 
      quantitatively evaluate the uncertainties associated with the sampling point 
      positions, model parameters, and classification boundaries of the driving factors 
      in these processes. The experimental findings reveal the following key insights: 
      (1) Regions with high levels of heavy metal(loid) pollution, accompanied by low 
      uncertainty, are identified in Chenzhou and Hengyang Cities in Hunan Province. 
      (2) Arsenic (As) and chromium (Cr) are identified as the primary contributors to 
      health risks. (3) The GDM results highlight strong nonlinear enhanced 
      interactions among lithology and other factors. (4) The input GDM factors, such 
      as temperature, river distance, and gross domestic product (GDP), show high 
      uncertainty on the influencing degree of soil heavy metal(loid) pollution. This 
      study thoroughly assesses high heavy metal(loid) pollution in Hunan Province, 
      China, emphasizing uncertainty and offering a scientific foundation for land 
      management and pollution remediation.
FAU - Zhang, Baoyi
AU  - Zhang B
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6075-9359
AD  - Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological 
      Environment Monitoring (Ministry of Education), School of Geosciences and 
      Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
FAU - Su, Yingcai
AU  - Su Y
AD  - Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological 
      Environment Monitoring (Ministry of Education), School of Geosciences and 
      Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
FAU - Shah, Syed Yasir Ali
AU  - Shah SYA
AD  - Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological 
      Environment Monitoring (Ministry of Education), School of Geosciences and 
      Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
FAU - Wang, Lifang
AU  - Wang L
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8950-4069
AD  - Department of Surveying and Mapping Geography, Hunan Vocational College of 
      Engineering, Changsha 410151, China.
LA  - eng
GR  - 2022JJ30708 and 2023JJ60188/Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation/
GR  - 20230123XX/Hunan Provincial Natural Resource Science and Technology Planning 
      Program/
GR  - kq2208054/Changsha Municipal Natural Science Foundation/
GR  - 4207232/National Natural Science Foundation of China/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20231208
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Toxics
JT  - Toxics
JID - 101639637
PMC - PMC10747857
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - carcinogenic risk
OT  - factor detector
OT  - interaction detector
OT  - nemerow index
OT  - non-carcinogenic risk
OT  - uncertainty propagation
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2023/12/22 12:41
MHDA- 2023/12/22 12:42
PMCR- 2023/12/08
CRDT- 2023/12/22 09:26
PHST- 2023/11/14 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/12/04 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/12/06 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/12/22 12:42 [medline]
PHST- 2023/12/22 12:41 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/12/22 09:26 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/12/08 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - toxics11121006 [pii]
AID - toxics-11-01006 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/toxics11121006 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Toxics. 2023 Dec 8;11(12):1006. doi: 10.3390/toxics11121006.