PMID- 38160584
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20240122
LR  - 20240202
IS  - 1873-3778 (Electronic)
IS  - 0021-9673 (Linking)
VI  - 1715
DP  - 2024 Jan 25
TI  - Polymeric ionic liquid sorbent coatings in thin film microextraction: Insight 
      into sorbent selectivity for pesticides and cannabinoids.
PG  - 464583
LID - S0021-9673(23)00808-7 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464583 [doi]
AB  - Polymeric ionic liquid (PIL) sorbent coatings consisting of polymerizable cations 
      and anions were employed as sorbent coatings in thin film microextraction (TFME) 
      for the extraction of pesticides and cannabinoids. The blades consisted of a thin 
      film of PIL sorbents chemically bonded to vinyltrimethoxysilane-functionalized 
      nitinol sheets. The imidazolium- or ammonium-based PIL sorbents contained 
      aromatic benzyl moieties as well as polar hydroxyl groups or aliphatic functional 
      groups within the chemical structure of the IL monomer. The chemical structure of 
      the IL crosslinkers of the PILs were kept constant across each sorbent, except 
      for the anion, which consisted of either bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imide 
      ([NTf(2)(-)]), p-styrenesulfonate ([SS(-)]), or 3-sulfopropyl acrylate 
      ([SPA(-)]). Temperature, salt content, and methanol content were optimized as 
      extraction conditions to maximize pesticide-cannabinoid selectivity using 
      Doehlert design of experiments (DOE). Effects of these three factors on 
      selectivity and extraction efficiency are discussed. The optimal extraction 
      conditions consisting of sample temperature (31 degrees C), sodium chloride (30% w/v), 
      and methanol content (0.25% v/v) are compared to initial sorbent screening 
      conditions at a sample temperature of 40 degrees C, 15% (w/v) sodium chloride, and 2.5% 
      (v/v) methanol content. PIL sorbent swelling behavior at different salt and 
      methanol content conditions and its effect on extraction efficiency are 
      hypothesized. Selectivity factors for the sorbents indicated that aromatic 
      moieties within the IL monomer may enhance pesticide-cannabinoid selectivity 
      under optimized conditions, but the extraction efficiency of pesticides that are 
      known to coelute with cannabinoids in the chromatographic separation may be 
      enhanced by employing sorbent coatings with [SPA(-)] anions.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.
FAU - Zeger, Victoria R
AU  - Zeger VR
AD  - Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, 1605 Gilman Hall, Ames, IA 50011, 
      USA.
FAU - Bell, David S
AU  - Bell DS
AD  - Restek Corporation, 110 Benner Circle, Bellefonte, Pennsylvania 16823, USA.
FAU - Anderson, Jared L
AU  - Anderson JL
AD  - Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, 1605 Gilman Hall, Ames, IA 50011, 
      USA. Electronic address: andersoj@iastate.edu.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20231215
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - J Chromatogr A
JT  - Journal of chromatography. A
JID - 9318488
RN  - 0 (Ionic Liquids)
RN  - 451W47IQ8X (Sodium Chloride)
RN  - Y4S76JWI15 (Methanol)
RN  - 0 (Polymers)
RN  - 0 (Sodium Chloride, Dietary)
RN  - 0 (Anions)
RN  - 0 (Cannabinoids)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Ionic Liquids/chemistry
MH  - Sodium Chloride
MH  - Methanol
MH  - Solid Phase Microextraction/methods
MH  - Polymers/chemistry
MH  - Sodium Chloride, Dietary
MH  - Anions
MH  - *Cannabinoids
MH  - *Pesticides
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Cannabinoids
OT  - Pesticides
OT  - Polymeric ionic liquids
OT  - Selectivity
OT  - Thin film microextraction
COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest in 
      this work.
EDAT- 2024/01/02 11:45
MHDA- 2024/01/22 06:42
CRDT- 2023/12/31 18:07
PHST- 2023/10/25 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/12/06 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/12/14 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2024/01/22 06:42 [medline]
PHST- 2024/01/02 11:45 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/12/31 18:07 [entrez]
AID - S0021-9673(23)00808-7 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464583 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Chromatogr A. 2024 Jan 25;1715:464583. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464583. Epub 
      2023 Dec 15.