PMID- 38161959
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20240103
IS  - 2168-8184 (Print)
IS  - 2168-8184 (Electronic)
IS  - 2168-8184 (Linking)
VI  - 15
IP  - 11
DP  - 2023 Nov
TI  - A Challenging Diagnosis of Kawasaki Disease Shock Syndrome Complicated by 
      Bilateral Pleural Effusion: A Case Report and Literature Review.
PG  - e49671
LID - 10.7759/cureus.49671 [doi]
LID - e49671
AB  - Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute illness primarily affecting children under the 
      age of five. It is characterized by fever and inflammation of small to 
      medium-sized arteries. This case report presents the case of a nine-year-old boy 
      with KD who developed Kawasaki disease shock syndrome (KDSS) complicated by 
      bilateral pleural effusion, which is a rare occurrence. KDSS is defined as KD 
      accompanied by low blood pressure or signs of inadequate blood flow, leading to 
      increased cardiovascular complications. The patient exhibited typical KD 
      symptoms, including conjunctivitis, mucosal changes, rash, extremity swelling, 
      and lymphadenopathy. Additionally, he presented with shock symptoms, such as 
      hypotension and tachycardia. Laboratory findings showed elevated inflammatory 
      markers. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent coronary artery 
      lesions and other severe complications. The patient received intravenous 
      immunoglobulin and showed significant improvement, with resolution of fever and 
      respiratory distress. Follow-up echocardiography revealed normal results. While 
      pulmonary involvement in KD is rare, the presence of bilateral pleural effusion 
      underscores the challenges in diagnosing KDSS. Early recognition and management 
      are essential for favorable outcomes in KD and its complications.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2023, Alghamdi et al.
FAU - Alghamdi, Linah Saleh Abbas
AU  - Alghamdi LSA
AD  - Pediatrics and Child Health, King Fahad General Hospital, Al Baha, SAU.
FAU - Alzahrani, Ali Yahya B
AU  - Alzahrani AYB
AD  - Pediatrics and Child Health, King Fahad General Hospital, Al Baha, SAU.
FAU - Alghamdi, Fahad A
AU  - Alghamdi FA
AD  - Radiology, King Fahad General Hospital, Jeddah, SAU.
FAU - ALghamdi, Saleh J
AU  - ALghamdi SJ
AD  - Pediatrics and Child Health, King Fahad General Hospital, Al Baha, SAU.
LA  - eng
PT  - Case Reports
DEP - 20231129
PL  - United States
TA  - Cureus
JT  - Cureus
JID - 101596737
PMC - PMC10756654
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - auto-immune disease
OT  - bilateral pleural effusion
OT  - kawasaki disease (kd)
OT  - kawasaki disease shock syndrome
OT  - medium vessel vasculitis
COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2024/01/02 11:44
MHDA- 2024/01/02 11:45
PMCR- 2023/11/29
CRDT- 2024/01/01 04:12
PHST- 2023/11/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2024/01/02 11:45 [medline]
PHST- 2024/01/02 11:44 [pubmed]
PHST- 2024/01/01 04:12 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/11/29 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.7759/cureus.49671 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Cureus. 2023 Nov 29;15(11):e49671. doi: 10.7759/cureus.49671. eCollection 2023 
      Nov.