PMID- 38165977
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20240104
LR  - 20240106
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 19
IP  - 1
DP  - 2024
TI  - Optimizing health service location in a highly urbanized city: Multi criteria 
      decision making and P-Median problem models for public hospitals in Jeddah City, 
      KSA.
PG  - e0294819
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0294819 [doi]
LID - e0294819
AB  - Rapid urbanization and population growth have increased the need for optimizing 
      the location of health services in highly urbanized countries like Kingdom of 
      Saudi Arabia (KSA). This study employs a multiple-criteria decision making (MCDM) 
      approach, e.g., fuzzy overlay technique by combining the P-Median 
      location-allocation model, for optimizing health services. First, a geodatabase, 
      containing public hospitals, road networks and population districts, was 
      prepared. Next, we investigated the location and services of five public 
      hospitals in Jeddah city of KSA, by using a MCDM model that included a fuzzy 
      overlay technique with a location-allocation model. The results showed that the 
      allocated five hospitals served 94 out of 110 districts in the study area. Our 
      results suggested additional hospitals must be added to ensure that the entire 
      city is covered with timely hospital services. To improve the existing situation, 
      we prioritized demand locations using the maximize coverage (MC) location problem 
      model. We then used the P-Median function to find the optimal locations of 
      hospitals, and then combined these two methods to create the MC-P-Median 
      optimizer. This optimizer eliminated any unallocated or redundant information. 
      Health planners can use this model to determine the best locations for public 
      hospitals in Jeddah city and similar settings.
CI  - Copyright: This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be 
      freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise 
      used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the 
      Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication.
FAU - Murad, Abdulkader
AU  - Murad A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9197-5062
AD  - Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Faculty of Architecture and Planning, 
      King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA.
FAU - Faruque, Fazlay
AU  - Faruque F
AD  - Department of Preventive Medicine, UMMC, Jackson, Mississippi, United States of 
      America.
FAU - Naji, Ammar
AU  - Naji A
AD  - Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Faculty of Architecture and Planning, 
      King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA.
FAU - Tiwari, Alok
AU  - Tiwari A
AD  - Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Faculty of Architecture and Planning, 
      King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA.
FAU - Qurnfulah, Emad
AU  - Qurnfulah E
AD  - Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Faculty of Architecture and Planning, 
      King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA.
FAU - Rahman, Mahfuzur
AU  - Rahman M
AD  - Department of Civil Engineering, International University of Business Agriculture 
      and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
FAU - Dewan, Ashraf
AU  - Dewan A
AD  - Spatial Sciences Discipline, School of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Curtin 
      University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20240102
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
SB  - IM
MH  - Humans
MH  - Saudi Arabia/epidemiology
MH  - *Health Services
MH  - Cities
MH  - *Hospitals, Public
MH  - Confusion
MH  - Decision Making
PMC - PMC10760729
COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2024/01/03 09:42
MHDA- 2024/01/04 11:44
PMCR- 2024/01/02
CRDT- 2024/01/02 13:53
PHST- 2023/05/16 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/11/09 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2024/01/04 11:44 [medline]
PHST- 2024/01/03 09:42 [pubmed]
PHST- 2024/01/02 13:53 [entrez]
PHST- 2024/01/02 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-23-14949 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0294819 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2024 Jan 2;19(1):e0294819. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294819. 
      eCollection 2024.