PMID- 38173547
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20240105
IS  - 2220-315X (Print)
IS  - 2220-315X (Electronic)
IS  - 2220-315X (Linking)
VI  - 13
IP  - 5
DP  - 2023 Dec 20
TI  - In vitro study on the transmission of multidrug-resistant bacteria from textiles 
      to pig skin.
PG  - 134-141
LID - 10.5493/wjem.v13.i5.134 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: The survival of microorganisms on textiles and specifically on 
      healthcare professionals' (HCP) attire has been demonstrated in several studies. 
      The ability of microorganisms to adhere and remain on textiles for up to hours or 
      days raises questions as to their possible role in transmission from textile to 
      skin via HCP to patients. AIM: To evaluate the presence, survival and 
      transmission of different multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDRB) from HCP attire 
      onto skin. METHODS: Three MDRB [methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 
      (MRSA); vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE); carbapenem-resistant 
      Klebsiella pneumoniae, CRKP)] were inoculated on textiles from scrubs (60% 
      cotton-40% polyester) and white coat (100% cotton) at concentrations of 10(8) 
      colony-forming units (CFU), 10(5) CFU, and 10(3) CFU per mL. The inoculation of 
      swatches was divided in time intervals of 1 min, 5 min, 15 min, 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, 
      3 h, 4 h, 5 h, and 6 h. At the end of each period, textiles were imprinted onto 
      pig skins and each skin square was inverted onto three different selective 
      chromogenic media. Growth from the pig skin squares was recorded for the 3 MDRB 
      at the three above concentrations, for the whole length of the 6-h experiment. 
      RESULTS: MRSA was recovered from pig skins at all concentrations for the whole 
      duration of the 6-h study. VRE was recovered from the concentration of 10(8) 
      CFU/mL for 6 h and from 10(5) CFU/mL for up to 3 h, while showing no growth at 
      10(3) CFU/mL. CRKP was recovered from 10(8) CFU/mL for 6 h, up to 30 min from 
      10(5) CFU/mL and for 1 min from the concentration of 10(3) CFU/mL. CONCLUSION: 
      Evidence from the current study shows that MRSA can persist on textiles and 
      transmit to skin for 6 h even at low concentrations. The fact that all MDRB can 
      be sustained and transferred to skin even at lower concentrations, supports that 
      textiles are implicated as vectors of bacterial spread.
CI  - (c)The Author(s) 2023. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights 
      reserved.
FAU - Lena, Pavlina
AU  - Lena P
AD  - Mpn Unilab Clinical Laboratory, Nicosia 1066, Cyprus.
AD  - Department of Health Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, 
      Nicosia 2404, Cyprus.
FAU - Karageorgos, Spyridon
AU  - Karageorgos S
AD  - First Department of Pediatrics, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, National and 
      Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece.
FAU - Liatsou, Maria
AU  - Liatsou M
AD  - Department of Health Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, 
      Nicosia 2404, Cyprus.
FAU - Agouridis, Aris P
AU  - Agouridis AP
AD  - School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, Nicosia 2404, Cyprus.
AD  - Infectious Diseases, German Oncology Center, Limassol 4108, Cyprus.
FAU - Spernovasilis, Nikolaos
AU  - Spernovasilis N
AD  - Infectious Diseases, German Oncology Center, Limassol 4108, Cyprus. 
      nikolaos.spernovasilis@goc.com.cy.
FAU - Lamnisos, Demetris
AU  - Lamnisos D
AD  - Department of Health Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, 
      Nicosia 2404, Cyprus.
FAU - Papageorgis, Panagiotis
AU  - Papageorgis P
AD  - Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, 
      Nicosia 2404, Cyprus.
FAU - Tsioutis, Constantinos
AU  - Tsioutis C
AD  - School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, Nicosia 2404, Cyprus.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20231220
PL  - United States
TA  - World J Exp Med
JT  - World journal of experimental medicine
JID - 101618808
PMC - PMC10758659
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Attire
OT  - Extended-spectrum b-lactamase
OT  - Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
OT  - Multidrug-resistant bacteria
OT  - Pig skin
OT  - Skin
OT  - Textiles
OT  - Transmission
OT  - Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium
COIS- Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of 
      interest for this article.
EDAT- 2024/01/04 11:43
MHDA- 2024/01/04 11:44
PMCR- 2023/12/20
CRDT- 2024/01/04 03:55
PHST- 2023/07/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/09/22 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/10/23 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2024/01/04 11:44 [medline]
PHST- 2024/01/04 11:43 [pubmed]
PHST- 2024/01/04 03:55 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/12/20 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.5493/wjem.v13.i5.134 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - World J Exp Med. 2023 Dec 20;13(5):134-141. doi: 10.5493/wjem.v13.i5.134. 
      eCollection 2023 Dec 20.