PMID- 38185243
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20240205
LR  - 20240206
IS  - 1879-0631 (Electronic)
IS  - 0024-3205 (Linking)
VI  - 339
DP  - 2024 Feb 15
TI  - Effect of running exercise training on inflammatory mediators and cytokines 
      expression in testicular tissue; effect of exercise intensity.
PG  - 122397
LID - S0024-3205(23)01032-9 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122397 [doi]
AB  - The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of running exercise training 
      protocols (ETPs) with varying intensities on inflammatory responses, with a 
      specific focus on the interactions between inflammatory mediators, cytokines, and 
      Leydig cell steroidogenic activity, as well as testosterone secretion. To this 
      end, 24 Wistar rats were subdivided into sedentary control, low (LICT), moderate 
      (MICT), and high (HICT) intensity continuous running ETP groups. After 8 weeks, 
      the expression levels of Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4), nuclear factor-kappa-B 
      (NF-KB), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), Tumor necrosis factor 
      alpha (TNF-alpha), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), 
      and the testicular nitric oxide (NO) content were assessed and compared between 
      groups. Moreover, the mean distributions of Leydig cells/mm(2) of interstitial 
      connective tissue, their steroidogenic activity, and serum level of testosterone 
      were assessed. The LICT did not show any significant (p > 0.05) change in the 
      expression levels of all aforementioned biomarkers. In contrast, both the MICT 
      and HICT groups demonstrated a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the expression 
      levels of TLR-4, NFK-B, IL-6, TNF-alpha, iNOS, and COX-2 at both the mRNA and protein 
      levels. The testicular NO has increased in HICT and MICT groups. Despite a 
      decrease in the distribution of Leydig cells in both the MICT and HICT groups, 
      the HICT group exhibited a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in Leydig cell 
      steroidogenic activity and serum testosterone levels. In conclusion, our findings 
      revealed that ETPs can influence Leydig cell steroidogenic activity and 
      testosterone secretion, contingent on their intensity. These effects are 
      attributed to alterations in the expression levels of pro-inflammatory mediators 
      and cytokines.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Nazanin, Mozaffari
AU  - Nazanin M
AD  - Department of Exercise Physiology and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sport 
      Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran. Electronic address: 
      Mozaffari.nazanin@umsu.ac.ir.
FAU - Razi, Mazdak
AU  - Razi M
AD  - Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Histology & Embryology, Faculty of 
      Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
FAU - Tolouei-Azar, Javad
AU  - Tolouei-Azar J
AD  - Department of Exercise Physiology and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sport 
      Sciences, Urmia University, Daneshgah Blv, Urmia, Iran.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20240105
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Life Sci
JT  - Life sciences
JID - 0375521
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
RN  - 0 (Toll-Like Receptor 4)
RN  - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha)
RN  - 0 (Interleukin-6)
RN  - 0 (Inflammation Mediators)
RN  - EC 1.14.99.1 (Cyclooxygenase 2)
RN  - 3XMK78S47O (Testosterone)
SB  - IM
MH  - Rats
MH  - Male
MH  - Animals
MH  - *Cytokines
MH  - Rats, Wistar
MH  - Toll-Like Receptor 4
MH  - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
MH  - Interleukin-6
MH  - Inflammation Mediators/metabolism
MH  - Cyclooxygenase 2/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Testosterone
MH  - *Running
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Cytokines
OT  - Inflammatory mediators
OT  - Running exercise
OT  - Spermatogenesis
OT  - Testosterone
COIS- Declaration of competing interest Not applicable.
EDAT- 2024/01/08 00:42
MHDA- 2024/02/05 06:42
CRDT- 2024/01/07 19:15
PHST- 2023/08/23 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/12/26 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/12/27 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2024/02/05 06:42 [medline]
PHST- 2024/01/08 00:42 [pubmed]
PHST- 2024/01/07 19:15 [entrez]
AID - S0024-3205(23)01032-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122397 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Life Sci. 2024 Feb 15;339:122397. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122397. Epub 2024 Jan 
      5.