PMID- 38189264
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20240109
LR  - 20240515
IS  - 1532-2750 (Electronic)
IS  - 1098-612X (Print)
IS  - 1098-612X (Linking)
VI  - 26
IP  - 1
DP  - 2024 Jan
TI  - Invasive fungal infections and oomycoses in cats 2. Antifungal therapy.
PG  - 1098612X231220047
LID - 10.1177/1098612X231220047 [doi]
LID - 1098612X231220047
AB  - CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) and oomycoses (hereafter 
      termed invasive fungal-like infections [IFLIs]) are characterised by penetration 
      of tissues by fungal elements. The environment is the most common reservoir of 
      infection. IFIs and IFLIs can be frustrating to treat because long treatment 
      times are usually required and, even after attaining clinical cure, there may be 
      a risk of relapse. Owner compliance with medication administration and recheck 
      examinations can also decline over time. In addition, some antifungal drugs are 
      expensive, have variable interpatient pharmacokinetic properties, can only be 
      administered parenterally and/or have common adverse effects (AEs). Despite these 
      limitations, treatment can be very rewarding, especially when an otherwise 
      progressive and fatal disease is cured. AIM: In the second of a two-part article 
      series, the spectrum of activity, mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetic and 
      pharmacodynamic properties, and AEs of antifungal drugs are reviewed, and the 
      treatment and prognosis of specific IFIs/IFLIs - dermatophytic pseudomycetoma, 
      cryptococcosis, sino-orbital aspergillosis, coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, 
      sporotrichosis, phaeohyphomycosis, mucormycosis and oomycosis - are discussed. 
      Part 1 reviewed the diagnostic approach to IFIs and IFLIs. EVIDENCE BASE: 
      Information on antifungal drugs is drawn from pharmacokinetic studies in cats. 
      Where such studies have not been performed, data from 'preclinical' animals 
      (non-human studies) and human studies are reviewed. The review also draws on the 
      wider published evidence and the authors' combined expertise in feline medicine, 
      mycology, dermatology, clinical pathology and anatomical pathology. ABBREVIATIONS 
      FOR ANTIFUNGAL DRUGS: AMB (amphotericin B); FC (flucytosine); FCZ (fluconazole); 
      ISA (isavuconazole); ITZ (itraconazole); KCZ (ketoconazole); PCZ (posaconazole); 
      TRB (terbinafine); VCZ (voriconazole).
FAU - Barrs, Vanessa R
AU  - Barrs VR
AD  - Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Jockey Club College of Veterinary 
      Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong 
      Kong, SAR China.
AD  - Centre for Animal Health and Welfare, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, 
      Hong Kong, SAR China.
FAU - Hobi, Stefan
AU  - Hobi S
AD  - Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Jockey Club College of Veterinary 
      Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong 
      Kong, SAR China.
FAU - Wong, Angeline
AU  - Wong A
AD  - Shatin Animal Hospital, Tai Wai, New Territories, Hong Kong, SAR China.
FAU - Sandy, Jeanine
AU  - Sandy J
AD  - Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Jockey Club College of Veterinary 
      Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong 
      Kong, SAR China.
FAU - Shubitz, Lisa F
AU  - Shubitz LF
AD  - Valley Fever Center for Excellence, The University of Arizona, AZ, USA.
FAU - Beczkowski, Pawel M
AU  - Beczkowski PM
AD  - Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Jockey Club College of Veterinary 
      Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong 
      Kong, SAR China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - England
TA  - J Feline Med Surg
JT  - Journal of feline medicine and surgery
JID - 100897329
RN  - 0 (Antifungal Agents)
RN  - 304NUG5GF4 (Itraconazole)
RN  - G7RIW8S0XP (Terbinafine)
SB  - IM
CIN - doi: 10.1177/1098612X231219696
MH  - Cats
MH  - Animals
MH  - Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use
MH  - *Invasive Fungal Infections/veterinary
MH  - Itraconazole
MH  - Terbinafine
MH  - *Coccidioidomycosis/veterinary
MH  - *Cat Diseases/drug therapy
PMC - PMC10949877
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Antifungal triazoles
OT  - amphotericin B
OT  - dimorphic fungal infections
OT  - echinocandins
OT  - lagenidiosis
OT  - moulds
OT  - pythiosis
OT  - terbinafine
COIS- Conflict of interestThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with 
      respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
EDAT- 2024/01/08 12:42
MHDA- 2024/01/09 06:41
PMCR- 2024/01/08
CRDT- 2024/01/08 09:40
PHST- 2024/01/09 06:41 [medline]
PHST- 2024/01/08 12:42 [pubmed]
PHST- 2024/01/08 09:40 [entrez]
PHST- 2024/01/08 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1177_1098612X231220047 [pii]
AID - 10.1177/1098612X231220047 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Feline Med Surg. 2024 Jan;26(1):1098612X231220047. doi: 
      10.1177/1098612X231220047.