PMID- 38201804
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20240112
IS  - 2073-4360 (Electronic)
IS  - 2073-4360 (Linking)
VI  - 16
IP  - 1
DP  - 2023 Dec 31
TI  - Thermosensitive Chitosan Hydrogels: A Potential Strategy for Prolonged Iron 
      Dextran Parenteral Supplementation.
LID - 10.3390/polym16010139 [doi]
LID - 139
AB  - Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) presents a global health challenge, impacting 
      crucial development stages in humans and other mammals. Pigs, having 
      physiological and metabolic similarities with humans, are a valuable model for 
      studying and preventing anemia. Commonly, a commercial iron dextran formulation 
      (CIDF) with iron dextran particles (IDPs) is intramuscularly administered for IDA 
      prevention in pigs, yet its rapid metabolism limits preventive efficacy. This 
      study aimed to develop and evaluate chitosan thermosensitive hydrogels (CTHs) as 
      a novel parenteral iron supplementation strategy, promoting IDPs' prolonged 
      release and mitigating their rapid metabolism. These CTHs, loaded with IDPs (0.1, 
      0.2, and 0.4 g of theoretical iron/g of chitosan), were characterized for IM iron 
      supplementation. Exhibiting thermosensitivity, these formulations facilitated IM 
      injection at ~4  degrees C, and its significant increasing viscosity at 25-37  degrees C 
      physically entrapped the IDPs within the chitosan's hydrophobic gel without 
      chemical bonding. In vitro studies showed CIDF released all the iron in 6 h, 
      while CTH0.4 had a 40% release in 72 h, mainly through Fickian diffusion. The 
      controlled release of CTHs was attributed to the physical entrapment of IDPs 
      within the CTHs' gel, which acts as a diffusion barrier. CTHs would be an 
      effective hydrogel prototype for prolonged-release parenteral iron 
      supplementation.
FAU - Duran, Emerson
AU  - Duran E
AD  - Departamento de Fomento de la Produccion Animal, Facultad de Ciencias 
      Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santa Rosa 11.735, La Pintana 
      8820808, Santiago, Chile.
AD  - Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Silvoagropecuarias y Veterinarias, Campus Sur 
      Universidad de Chile, Santa Rosa 11.315, La Pintana 8820808, Santiago, Chile.
FAU - Neira-Carrillo, Andronico
AU  - Neira-Carrillo A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0060-7518
AD  - Laboratorios de Materiales Bio-Relacionados (CIMAT) y Sintesis y Caracterizacion 
      de Polimeros Funcionalizados y Biomoleculas (POLYFORMS), Departamento de Ciencias 
      Biologicas Animales, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad 
      de Chile, Santa Rosa 11.735, La Pintana 8820808, Santiago, Chile.
FAU - Oyarzun-Ampuero, Felipe
AU  - Oyarzun-Ampuero F
AD  - Departamento de Ciencias y Tecnologia Farmaceuticas, Facultad de Ciencias 
      Quimicas y Farmaceuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santos Dumont 964, Independencia 
      8380494, Santiago, Chile.
FAU - Valenzuela, Carolina
AU  - Valenzuela C
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1627-3452
AD  - Departamento de Fomento de la Produccion Animal, Facultad de Ciencias 
      Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santa Rosa 11.735, La Pintana 
      8820808, Santiago, Chile.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20231231
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Polymers (Basel)
JT  - Polymers
JID - 101545357
PMC - PMC10780544
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - chitosan
OT  - iron deficiency
OT  - pig
OT  - thermosensitive hydrogel
COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
EDAT- 2024/01/11 07:43
MHDA- 2024/01/11 07:44
PMCR- 2023/12/31
CRDT- 2024/01/11 01:08
PHST- 2023/11/03 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/12/18 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/12/26 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2024/01/11 07:44 [medline]
PHST- 2024/01/11 07:43 [pubmed]
PHST- 2024/01/11 01:08 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/12/31 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - polym16010139 [pii]
AID - polymers-16-00139 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/polym16010139 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Polymers (Basel). 2023 Dec 31;16(1):139. doi: 10.3390/polym16010139.