PMID- 38205099
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20240112
IS  - 2090-004X (Print)
IS  - 2090-0058 (Electronic)
IS  - 2090-004X (Linking)
VI  - 2024
DP  - 2024
TI  - Corneal Epithelial Thickness Mapping: A Major Review.
PG  - 6674747
LID - 10.1155/2024/6674747 [doi]
LID - 6674747
AB  - The corneal epithelium (CE) is the outermost layer of the cornea with constant 
      turnover, relative stability, remarkable plasticity, and compensatory properties 
      to mask alterations in the underlying stroma. The advent of quantitative imaging 
      modalities capable of producing epithelial thickness mapping (ETM) has made it 
      possible to characterize better the different patterns of epithelial remodeling. 
      In this comprehensive synthesis, we reviewed all available data on ETM with 
      different methods, including very high-frequency ultrasound (VHF-US) and 
      spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in normal individuals, 
      corneal or systemic diseases, and corneal surgical scenarios. We excluded OCT 
      studies that manually measured the corneal epithelial thickness (CET) (e.g., by 
      digital calipers) or the CE (e.g., by confocal scanning or handheld pachymeters). 
      A comparison of different CET measuring technologies and devices capable of 
      producing thickness maps is provided. Normative data on CET and the possible 
      effects of gender, aging, diurnal changes, refraction, and intraocular pressure 
      are discussed. We also reviewed ETM data in several corneal disorders, including 
      keratoconus, corneal dystrophies, recurrent epithelial erosion, herpes keratitis, 
      keratoplasty, bullous keratopathy, carcinoma in situ, pterygium, and limbal stem 
      cell deficiency. The available data on the potential role of ETM in indicating 
      refractive surgeries, planning the procedure, and assessing postoperative changes 
      are reviewed. Alterations in ETM in systemic and ocular conditions such as eyelid 
      abnormalities and dry eye disease and the effects of contact lenses, topical 
      medications, and cataract surgery on the ETM profile are discussed.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2024 Mohammad-Ali Abtahi et al.
FAU - Abtahi, Mohammad-Ali
AU  - Abtahi MA
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4154-8446
AD  - Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
FAU - Beheshtnejad, Amir Hushang
AU  - Beheshtnejad AH
AD  - Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
FAU - Latifi, Golshan
AU  - Latifi G
AD  - Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
FAU - Akbari-Kamrani, Marjan
AU  - Akbari-Kamrani M
AD  - Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
FAU - Ghafarian, Sadegh
AU  - Ghafarian S
AD  - Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
FAU - Masoomi, Ahmad
AU  - Masoomi A
AD  - Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
FAU - Sonbolastan, Seyed Ali
AU  - Sonbolastan SA
AD  - Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
FAU - Jahanbani-Ardakani, Hamidreaza
AU  - Jahanbani-Ardakani H
AD  - Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical 
      Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
FAU - Atighechian, Mehrnaz
AU  - Atighechian M
AD  - Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
FAU - Banan, Laleh
AU  - Banan L
AD  - Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
FAU - Nouri, Hosein
AU  - Nouri H
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1808-0443
AD  - Ophthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision 
      Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
FAU - Abtahi, Seyed-Hossein
AU  - Abtahi SH
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1459-6752
AD  - Ophthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision 
      Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20240102
PL  - United States
TA  - J Ophthalmol
JT  - Journal of ophthalmology
JID - 101524199
PMC - PMC10776199
COIS- The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
EDAT- 2024/01/11 07:42
MHDA- 2024/01/11 07:43
PMCR- 2024/01/02
CRDT- 2024/01/11 04:15
PHST- 2022/12/20 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/06/27 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/12/21 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2024/01/11 07:43 [medline]
PHST- 2024/01/11 07:42 [pubmed]
PHST- 2024/01/11 04:15 [entrez]
PHST- 2024/01/02 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1155/2024/6674747 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - J Ophthalmol. 2024 Jan 2;2024:6674747. doi: 10.1155/2024/6674747. eCollection 
      2024.