PMID- 38211834
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20240223
LR  - 20240223
IS  - 1096-1208 (Electronic)
IS  - 0882-4010 (Linking)
VI  - 188
DP  - 2024 Mar
TI  - Unveiling the functional significance of the 14.3.3 protein: A key player in 
      Paracoccidioides brasiliensis biofilm formation.
PG  - 106537
LID - S0882-4010(24)00004-4 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106537 [doi]
AB  - Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a systemic mycosis caused by Paracoccidioides 
      spp. The interaction mediated by the presence of adhesins on the fungal surface 
      and receptors in the extracellular matrix of the host, as well as the biofilm 
      formation, is essential in its pathogenesis. Adhesins such as gp43, enolase, 
      GAPDH (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase), and 14-3-3 have been 
      demonstrated in the Paracoccidioides brasiliensis (Pb18) strain and recognized as 
      necessary in the fungus-host interaction. The Pb 18 strain silenced to 14-3-3 
      showed changes in morphology, virulence, and adhesion capacity. The study aimed 
      to evaluate the role of adhesin 14-3-3 in P. brasiliensis biofilm formation and 
      the differential expression of genes related to adhesins, comparing planktonic 
      and biofilm forms. The presence of biofilm was also verified in sutures in vitro 
      and in vivo. The silenced strain (Pb14-3-3 aRNA) was compared with the wild type 
      Pb18, determining the differential metabolic activity between the strains by the 
      XTT reduction assay; the biomass by violet crystal and the polysaccharides by 
      safranin, even as morphological differences by microscopic techniques. 
      Differential gene expression for adhesins was also analyzed, comparing the 
      relative expression of these in planktonic and biofilm forms at different times. 
      The results suggested that the silencing of 14-3-3 protein altered the ability to 
      form biofilm and its metabolism. The quantity of biomass was similar in both 
      strains; however, the formation of exopolymeric substances and polysaccharide 
      material was lower in the silenced strain. Our results showed increased 
      expression of enolase, GAPDH, and 14-3-3 genes in the first periods of biofilm 
      formation in the Pb18 strain. In contrast, the silenced strain showed a lower 
      expression of these genes, indicating that gene silencing can influence the 
      expression of other genes and be involved in the biofilm formation of P. 
      brasiliensis. In vitro and in vivo assays using sutures confirmed this yeast's 
      ability to form biofilm and may be implicated in the pathogenesis of 
      paracoccidioidomycosis.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Sardi, Janaina de Cassia Orlandi
AU  - Sardi JCO
AD  - Department of Clinical Analysis, Laboratory of Clinical Mycology, Faculty of 
      Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, 
      14801-902, Brazil; Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, 
      Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
FAU - Derissi Braz Carlton, Jaqueline
AU  - Derissi Braz Carlton J
AD  - Department of Clinical Analysis, Laboratory of Clinical Mycology, Faculty of 
      Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, 
      14801-902, Brazil.
FAU - Marcos, Caroline Maria
AU  - Marcos CM
AD  - Department of Clinical Analysis, Laboratory of Clinical Mycology, Faculty of 
      Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, 
      14801-902, Brazil.
FAU - Fusco Almeida, Ana Marisa
AU  - Fusco Almeida AM
AD  - Department of Clinical Analysis, Laboratory of Clinical Mycology, Faculty of 
      Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, 
      14801-902, Brazil.
FAU - Mendes Giannini, Maria Jose Soares
AU  - Mendes Giannini MJS
AD  - Department of Clinical Analysis, Laboratory of Clinical Mycology, Faculty of 
      Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, 
      14801-902, Brazil. Electronic address: maria.giannini@unesp.br.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20240109
PL  - England
TA  - Microb Pathog
JT  - Microbial pathogenesis
JID - 8606191
RN  - 0 (14-3-3 Proteins)
RN  - EC 1.2.1.- (Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases)
RN  - 0 (Adhesins, Bacterial)
RN  - EC 4.2.1.11 (Phosphopyruvate Hydratase)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Paracoccidioidomycosis
MH  - *Paracoccidioides/genetics
MH  - 14-3-3 Proteins/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases
MH  - Biofilms
MH  - Adhesins, Bacterial/metabolism
MH  - Phosphopyruvate Hydratase/genetics
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - 14-3-3 protein
OT  - Biofilm
OT  - Paracoccidioides brasiliensis
OT  - Virulence
OT  - adhesins
COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known 
      competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared 
      to influence the work reported in this paper.
EDAT- 2024/01/12 00:42
MHDA- 2024/02/23 06:42
CRDT- 2024/01/11 19:16
PHST- 2023/08/20 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/12/27 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2024/01/03 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2024/02/23 06:42 [medline]
PHST- 2024/01/12 00:42 [pubmed]
PHST- 2024/01/11 19:16 [entrez]
AID - S0882-4010(24)00004-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106537 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Microb Pathog. 2024 Mar;188:106537. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106537. Epub 2024 
      Jan 9.