PMID- 38212166 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240422 LR - 20240422 IS - 1873-4898 (Electronic) IS - 1477-5131 (Linking) VI - 20 IP - 2 DP - 2024 Apr TI - The potential prophylactic and therapeutic impacts of niacin on ischemia/reperfusion injury of testis. PG - 281.e1-281.e7 LID - S1477-5131(24)00001-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jpurol.2024.01.001 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: The testicular ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is characterized by the excessive aggregation of un-scavenged reactive oxygen species, leading to the heightened levels of oxidative stress. This phenomenon plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of testicular torsion damage. OBJECTIVE: The current study aimed to detect the prophylactic and therapeutic effects of niacin on testicular I/R injury. STUDY DESIGN: Twenty-four healthy adult male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly allocated into three groups as follows: (1) sham group, (2) torsion/detorsion (T/D) group, and (3) treatment group which received 200 mg/kg niacin along with testicular T/D. Torsion/detorsion was induced by 2 h of torsion followed by 10 days of reperfusion period. In the treatment group, niacin was injected 30 min before the reperfusion period intraperitoneally and continued for 10 days by oral gavage. RESULTS: T/D was associated with marked decreases in terms of sperm count, viability, and kinematic parameters versus the sham group (P < 0.05), which niacin significantly reverted the kinematic parameters (P < 0.05). I/R injury caused a significant increase in the number of abnormal epididymal sperms compared to the sham group (P < 0.05). Niacin decreased the epididymal sperm abnormality significantly compared to the T/D group (P < 0.05). Tissue abnormalities in T/D group, such as edema, hyperemia, inflammation, and necrosis were completely visible histopathologically, while the histological changes in the niacin-treated group were better than those in the T/D group. Regarding the pathological parametric evaluations, I/R injury significantly reduced the mean testicular biopsy score (MTBS), germinal epithelial cell thickness (GECT), and mean seminiferous tubular diameter (MSTD), and increased the tubular hypoplasia/atrophy (THA) compared to the sham group (P < 0.05), which niacin treatment significantly improved the MTBS and GECT compared to the T/D group (P < 0.05). T/D significantly increased the oxidative stress index (OSI) and lipid peroxidation (MDA) (P < 0.05). Niacin significantly reduced the OSI and MDA levels compared to the T/D group (P < 0.05). DISCUSSION: The current study found that niacin has preventive/therapeutic effects against the elevation of oxidative stress markers and depletion of antioxidants during I/R injury. Following administration of niacin, a reduction in histologic injury was observed in rats. In our study, we showed the antioxidant properties of niacin and its capacity to protect against I/R damage. CONCLUSION: The findings of the present investigation revealed that niacin, as an antioxidant agent, can suppress the oxidative stress induced by testicular I/R injury, and can be used as a supplementary agent in the treatment of those undergoing testicular torsion surgery. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Pediatric Urology Company. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Ganjiani, Vahid AU - Ganjiani V AD - Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran. FAU - Bigham-Sadegh, Amin AU - Bigham-Sadegh A AD - Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran. FAU - Ahmadi, Nasrollah AU - Ahmadi N AD - Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran. Electronic address: nahmadi@shirazu.ac.ir. FAU - Divar, Mohammad-Reza AU - Divar MR AD - Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran. FAU - Meimandi-Parizi, Abdolhamid AU - Meimandi-Parizi A AD - Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran. FAU - Asude, Mohammad AU - Asude M AD - Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240104 PL - England TA - J Pediatr Urol JT - Journal of pediatric urology JID - 101233150 RN - 2679MF687A (Niacin) RN - 0 (Antioxidants) RN - 4Y8F71G49Q (Malondialdehyde) SB - IM MH - Male MH - Rats MH - Animals MH - Humans MH - Testis/pathology MH - *Spermatic Cord Torsion/complications/drug therapy/pathology MH - *Niacin/pharmacology/therapeutic use/metabolism MH - Antioxidants/therapeutic use MH - Rats, Sprague-Dawley MH - Semen MH - *Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control MH - Oxidative Stress MH - Ischemia MH - Malondialdehyde/metabolism OTO - NOTNLM OT - Ischemia/reperfusion injury OT - Niacin OT - Testis COIS- Conflict of interest The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2024/01/12 00:42 MHDA- 2024/04/22 06:44 CRDT- 2024/01/11 21:53 PHST- 2023/06/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/12/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/01/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/04/22 06:44 [medline] PHST- 2024/01/12 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/01/11 21:53 [entrez] AID - S1477-5131(24)00001-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jpurol.2024.01.001 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Pediatr Urol. 2024 Apr;20(2):281.e1-281.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2024.01.001. Epub 2024 Jan 4.