PMID- 38234883
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20240119
IS  - 2405-8440 (Print)
IS  - 2405-8440 (Electronic)
IS  - 2405-8440 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 1
DP  - 2024 Jan 15
TI  - Anti-inflammatory effects of Mentha pulegium L. extract on human peripheral blood 
      mononuclear cells are mediated by TLR-4 and NF-kappaB suppression.
PG  - e24040
LID - 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24040 [doi]
LID - e24040
AB  - There is great interest in evaluating the anti-inflammatory properties of new 
      herbal products. Thus, the effects of Mentha pulegium L. extract on gene and 
      protein expressions of pro-inflammatory mediators and transcription factors were 
      determined. The hydro-ethanolic extract of Mentha pulegium L. was obtained and 
      optimal non-cytotoxic concentrations of the extract were determined by MTT assay. 
      Then, three different concentrations of Mentha pulegium L. (10, 30, and 90 mug/mL) 
      were used to pre-treat the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated and non-stimulated 
      peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 10 healthy individuals. Finally, 
      the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), IL-6, Toll-like 
      receptor-4 (TLR-4), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) p65, activator protein-1 
      (AP-1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) gene 
      expressions and TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, TLR-4, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and COX-2 
      protein levels were measured. MTT results showed that there is no significant 
      difference in cell viability among 10, 20, 40, and 80 mug/mL concentrations of 
      Mentha pulegium L. extract at 24, 48, and 72 h (P > 0.05). The IC50 values were 
      236.1, 147.0, and 118.0 mug/mL after 24, 48, and 72 h respectively. TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, 
      IL-6, TLR-4, iNOS, and NF-kappaB p65 mRNA levels in the pre-treated LPS-stimulated 
      PBMCs were concentration-dependently reduced (P < 0.01 for TNF-alpha, TLR-4, and 
      NF-kappaB p65; P < 0.05 for IL-1beta, IL-6, and iNOS). Also, the protein levels of 
      pro-inflammatory mediators decreased and these differences were significant for 
      TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and TLR-4 (P < 0.001, P < 0.01, and P < 0.001, respectively). 
      Mentha pulegium L. extract decreased the expression and biosynthesis of 
      pro-inflammatory mediators. These effects are mainly mediated by TLR-4 and NF-kappaB 
      suppression. Thus, Mentha pulegium L. could be useful in treating or ameliorating 
      chronic inflammatory diseases.
CI  - (c) 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
FAU - Mohammadi, Firouz
AU  - Mohammadi F
AD  - Department of Biology, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran.
FAU - Rahimi, Kaveh
AU  - Rahimi K
AD  - Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran 
      University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
FAU - Ahmadi, Abbas
AU  - Ahmadi A
AD  - Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health 
      Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
FAU - Hooshmandi, Zahra
AU  - Hooshmandi Z
AD  - Department of Biology, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran.
FAU - Amini, Sabrieh
AU  - Amini S
AD  - Department of Biology, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran.
FAU - Mohammadi, Asadollah
AU  - Mohammadi A
AD  - Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health 
      Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20240104
PL  - England
TA  - Heliyon
JT  - Heliyon
JID - 101672560
PMC - PMC10792569
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Anti-Inflammatory effects
OT  - Herbal medicine
OT  - Inflammation
OT  - Mentha pulegium
COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or 
      personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in 
      this paper.
EDAT- 2024/01/18 06:42
MHDA- 2024/01/18 06:43
PMCR- 2024/01/04
CRDT- 2024/01/18 04:15
PHST- 2023/09/04 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/12/23 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2024/01/02 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2024/01/18 06:43 [medline]
PHST- 2024/01/18 06:42 [pubmed]
PHST- 2024/01/18 04:15 [entrez]
PHST- 2024/01/04 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S2405-8440(24)00071-9 [pii]
AID - e24040 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24040 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Heliyon. 2024 Jan 4;10(1):e24040. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24040. eCollection 
      2024 Jan 15.