PMID- 38242448
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20240221
IS  - 1879-1026 (Electronic)
IS  - 0048-9697 (Linking)
VI  - 917
DP  - 2024 Mar 20
TI  - Development of novel methods based on GC-HRMS and LC-HRMS for the determination 
      of non-phthalate plasticizers in soil.
PG  - 170150
LID - S0048-9697(24)00284-5 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170150 [doi]
AB  - Non-phthalate plasticizers (NPPs) are a suitable alternative to phthalates, which 
      are harmful compounds for human, animal health, and the environment. In this 
      study, 28 commercial non-phthalate plasticizers (NPPs) from different families, 
      including adipates, citrates, phosphates, sebacates, trimellitates, benzoates and 
      cyclohexanoates, were determined. Two novel methods for determining these 
      alternative compounds in soil were developed using gas chromatography coupled to 
      high-resolution mass spectrometry (GC-HRMS-Q-Orbitrap) and liquid chromatography 
      coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS-Q-Orbitrap). Solid-liquid 
      extraction (SLE) with ethyl acetate or acetonitrile, along with water as 
      extraction solvents, were employed. In most cases, the GC method exhibited 
      recoveries ranging from 84.9 % to 110.8 % at 20, 40 and 200 mug/kg, while the LC 
      method achieved recoveries between 73.1 % and 115.4 % at 10, 20, 40 and 
      200 mug/kg. Most of the relative standard deviation (RSD) values were below 20 % 
      for both methods. The validated methods were then applied to analyse soil samples 
      collected from four different areas in Almeria. The results indicated that the 
      compounds detected most frequently at high concentrations were 
      1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone (HCPK) using GC, in the range 29.1-67.4 mug/kg 
      and 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate (TXIB) using LC, in the range 
      39.9-51.5 mug/kg. Additionally, suspect and unknown analysis were carried out, and 
      other plasticizers as phthalates, were also detected, in addition to other 
      substances present in the analysed samples. All the soils exhibited the presence 
      of a few plasticizers, either phthalic and/or non-phthalic.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Capilla-Flores, Raquel
AU  - Capilla-Flores R
AD  - Research Group "Analytical Chemistry of Contaminants", Department of Chemistry 
      and Physics, Research Centre for Mediterranean Intensive Agrosystems and 
      Agri-Food Biotechnology (CIAIMBITAL), University of Almeria, Agrifood Campus of 
      International Excellence, ceiA3, E-04120 Almeria, Spain. Electronic address: 
      rcf307@ual.es.
FAU - Egea-Castro, Gonzalo
AU  - Egea-Castro G
AD  - Research Group "Analytical Chemistry of Contaminants", Department of Chemistry 
      and Physics, Research Centre for Mediterranean Intensive Agrosystems and 
      Agri-Food Biotechnology (CIAIMBITAL), University of Almeria, Agrifood Campus of 
      International Excellence, ceiA3, E-04120 Almeria, Spain. Electronic address: 
      gec844@inlumine.ual.es.
FAU - Lopez-Ruiz, Rosalia
AU  - Lopez-Ruiz R
AD  - Research Group "Analytical Chemistry of Contaminants", Department of Chemistry 
      and Physics, Research Centre for Mediterranean Intensive Agrosystems and 
      Agri-Food Biotechnology (CIAIMBITAL), University of Almeria, Agrifood Campus of 
      International Excellence, ceiA3, E-04120 Almeria, Spain. Electronic address: 
      rosalialr@ual.es.
FAU - Romero-Gonzalez, Roberto
AU  - Romero-Gonzalez R
AD  - Research Group "Analytical Chemistry of Contaminants", Department of Chemistry 
      and Physics, Research Centre for Mediterranean Intensive Agrosystems and 
      Agri-Food Biotechnology (CIAIMBITAL), University of Almeria, Agrifood Campus of 
      International Excellence, ceiA3, E-04120 Almeria, Spain. Electronic address: 
      rromero@ual.es.
FAU - Garrido Frenich, Antonia
AU  - Garrido Frenich A
AD  - Research Group "Analytical Chemistry of Contaminants", Department of Chemistry 
      and Physics, Research Centre for Mediterranean Intensive Agrosystems and 
      Agri-Food Biotechnology (CIAIMBITAL), University of Almeria, Agrifood Campus of 
      International Excellence, ceiA3, E-04120 Almeria, Spain. Electronic address: 
      agarrido@ual.es.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20240118
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Sci Total Environ
JT  - The Science of the total environment
JID - 0330500
SB  - IM
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Chromatography
OT  - Emerging plasticizers
OT  - Environmental analysis
OT  - High resolution mass spectrometry
OT  - Non-targeted analysis
COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known 
      competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared 
      to influence the work reported in this paper.
EDAT- 2024/01/20 05:42
MHDA- 2024/01/20 05:43
CRDT- 2024/01/19 19:19
PHST- 2023/07/10 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/10/21 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2024/01/11 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2024/01/20 05:43 [medline]
PHST- 2024/01/20 05:42 [pubmed]
PHST- 2024/01/19 19:19 [entrez]
AID - S0048-9697(24)00284-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170150 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Sci Total Environ. 2024 Mar 20;917:170150. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170150. 
      Epub 2024 Jan 18.