PMID- 38254521 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240128 IS - 2304-8158 (Print) IS - 2304-8158 (Electronic) IS - 2304-8158 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 2 DP - 2024 Jan 10 TI - Research Progress on the Effect and Mechanism of Tea Products with Different Fermentation Degrees in Regulating Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. LID - 10.3390/foods13020221 [doi] LID - 221 AB - A popular non-alcoholic beverage worldwide, tea can regulate blood glucose levels, lipid levels, and blood pressure, and may even prevent type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Different tea fermentation levels impact these effects. Tea products with different fermentation degrees containing different functional ingredients can lower post-meal blood glucose levels and may prevent T2DM. There are seven critical factors that shed light on how teas with different fermentation levels affect blood glucose regulation in humans. These factors include the inhibition of digestive enzymes, enhancement of cellular glucose uptake, suppression of gluconeogenesis-related enzymes, reduction in the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) activity, modulation of gut flora, and the alleviation of inflammation associated with oxidative stress. Fermented teas can be used to lower post-meal blood glucose levels and can help consumers make more informed tea selections. FAU - Li, Guangneng AU - Li G AD - College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530003, China. FAU - Zhang, Jianyong AU - Zhang J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5460-194X AD - Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China. FAU - Cui, Hongchun AU - Cui H AD - Tea Research Institute, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China. FAU - Feng, Zhihui AU - Feng Z AD - Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China. FAU - Gao, Ying AU - Gao Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0696-7880 AD - Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China. FAU - Wang, Yuwan AU - Wang Y AD - Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China. FAU - Chen, Jianxin AU - Chen J AD - Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China. FAU - Xu, Yongquan AU - Xu Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9774-4310 AD - Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China. FAU - Niu, Debao AU - Niu D AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0515-8451 AD - College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530003, China. FAU - Yin, Junfeng AU - Yin J AD - Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China. LA - eng GR - 2021YFD1601105/China national key research and development program/ GR - 202203A06/the China Hangzhou Agricultural and Social Development Scientific Research Key Project/ GR - 2022C02033/the China Zhejiang key research and development program/ GR - CARS-19/the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA (CARS-19), the Innovation Project for Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/ PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20240110 PL - Switzerland TA - Foods JT - Foods (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101670569 PMC - PMC10814445 OTO - NOTNLM OT - biological activity OT - blood glucose OT - different fermentation degree of tea OT - tea products OT - type 2 diabetes COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2024/01/23 06:43 MHDA- 2024/01/23 06:44 PMCR- 2024/01/10 CRDT- 2024/01/23 01:02 PHST- 2023/11/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/01/05 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/01/08 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/01/23 06:44 [medline] PHST- 2024/01/23 06:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/01/23 01:02 [entrez] PHST- 2024/01/10 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - foods13020221 [pii] AID - foods-13-00221 [pii] AID - 10.3390/foods13020221 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Foods. 2024 Jan 10;13(2):221. doi: 10.3390/foods13020221.