PMID- 38272713 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240318 LR - 20240318 IS - 1471-499X (Electronic) IS - 1471-4914 (Linking) VI - 30 IP - 3 DP - 2024 Mar TI - Beneath the radar: immune-evasive cell sources for stroke therapy. PG - 223-238 LID - S1471-4914(23)00282-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.molmed.2023.12.004 [doi] AB - Stem cell therapy is an emerging treatment paradigm for stroke patients with remaining neurological deficits. While allogeneic cell transplants overcome the manufacturing constraints of autologous grafts, they can be rejected by the recipient's immune system, which identifies foreign cells through the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system. The heterogeneity of HLA molecules in the human population would require a very high number of cell lines, which may still be inadequate for patients with rare genetic HLAs. Here, we outline key progress in genetic HLA engineering in pluripotent stem and derived cells to evade the host's immune system, reducing the number of allogeneic cell lines required, and examine safety measures explored in both preclinical studies and upcoming clinical trials. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Achon Buil, Beatriz AU - Achon Buil B AD - Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Rentsch, Nora H AU - Rentsch NH AD - Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Weber, Rebecca Z AU - Weber RZ AD - Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Rickenbach, Chiara AU - Rickenbach C AD - Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Halliday, Stefanie J AU - Halliday SJ AD - Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Hotta, Akitsu AU - Hotta A AD - Center for iPS cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. FAU - Tackenberg, Christian AU - Tackenberg C AD - Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. FAU - Rust, Ruslan AU - Rust R AD - Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1501 San Pablo St, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Electronic address: rrust@usc.edu. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20240125 PL - England TA - Trends Mol Med JT - Trends in molecular medicine JID - 100966035 SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/metabolism MH - Stem Cell Transplantation MH - Cell Line OTO - NOTNLM OT - allogeneic stem cell transplantation OT - cell therapy OT - human leukocyte antigen OT - hypoimmunogenic stem cells OT - pluripotent stem cells OT - stroke COIS- Declaration of Interests The authors declare no competing interests EDAT- 2024/01/26 00:43 MHDA- 2024/03/18 06:43 CRDT- 2024/01/25 21:52 PHST- 2023/10/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/12/04 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/12/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/03/18 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/01/26 00:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/01/25 21:52 [entrez] AID - S1471-4914(23)00282-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.molmed.2023.12.004 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Trends Mol Med. 2024 Mar;30(3):223-238. doi: 10.1016/j.molmed.2023.12.004. Epub 2024 Jan 25.