PMID- 38278217
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20240415
LR  - 20240418
IS  - 1541-6100 (Electronic)
IS  - 0022-3166 (Linking)
VI  - 154
IP  - 4
DP  - 2024 Apr
TI  - Intake of Pistachios as a Nighttime Snack Has Similar Effects on Short- and 
      Longer-Term Glycemic Control Compared with Education to Consume 1-2 Carbohydrate 
      Exchanges in Adults with Prediabetes: A 12-Wk Randomized Crossover Trial.
PG  - 1219-1231
LID - S0022-3166(24)00040-3 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.01.021 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Nut intake is associated with better glycemic control and lower 
      cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. It remains unclear if nut intake timing 
      affects glycemic control and CVD risk factors. Intake of pistachios as a 
      nighttime snack may attenuate morning glucose production and lower fasting plasma 
      glucose (FPG). OBJECTIVES: We assessed the effects of a nighttime (after dinner 
      and before bedtime) pistachio snack (57 g/d) on glycemic control markers, 
      vascular health, lipids/lipoproteins, and diet quality compared with education to 
      consume 1-2 carbohydrate (CHO) exchanges (usual care) in individuals with 
      prediabetes. METHODS: A 2-period, randomized crossover trial was conducted. 
      Participants were provided 57 g/d of dry roasted unsalted pistachios (319 kcal; 
      fat 26 g; CHO 16 g; protein 12 g; fiber 6 g) as a nighttime snack or received 
      usual care for 12 wk. Primary (FPG) and secondary outcomes [hemoglobin A1c 
      (HbA1c), insulin, Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), 
      lipids/lipoproteins, vascular health, and Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015)] 
      were measured before and after each condition. RESULTS: A total of 66 
      participants (50.9 +/- 11.6 y, FPG: 106.2 +/- 6.4 mg/dL) were randomly assigned, and 
      51 participants completed the trial. No between-condition differences in FPG 0.9 
      mg/dL [95% confidence interval (CI): -1.2, 3.1], HbA1c, insulin, HOMA-IR, 
      lipids/lipoproteins, blood pressure, or vascular health were observed. The 
      HEI-2015 score was higher after the pistachio condition [6.8 points (95% CI: 1.5, 
      12.1)] than after usual care driven by higher component scores for seafood and 
      plant proteins [2.0 points (95% CI: 1.0, 2.9)], refined grains [2.3 points (95% 
      CI: 1.1, 3.5)], and the fatty acid ratio [1.7 points (95% CI: 0.0, 3.5)]. 
      CONCLUSIONS: In adults with prediabetes, consuming 57 g/d of pistachios as a 
      nighttime snack increased diet quality but had similar effects on glycemic 
      markers, lipids/lipoproteins, blood pressure, and vascular health compared with 
      the usual care comparator. Pistachios may be a healthful alternative to 
      carbohydrate-rich nighttime snacks to increase alignment with Dietary Guidelines 
      for Americans. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT04056208.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Riley, Terrence M
AU  - Riley TM
AD  - Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University 
      Park, PA, United States.
FAU - Kris-Etherton, Penny M
AU  - Kris-Etherton PM
AD  - Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University 
      Park, PA, United States.
FAU - Hart, Tricia L
AU  - Hart TL
AD  - Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University 
      Park, PA, United States.
FAU - Petersen, Kristina S
AU  - Petersen KS
AD  - Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University 
      Park, PA, United States. Electronic address: KUP63@psu.edu.
LA  - eng
SI  - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT04056208
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
DEP - 20240124
PL  - United States
TA  - J Nutr
JT  - The Journal of nutrition
JID - 0404243
RN  - 0 (Glycated Hemoglobin)
RN  - 0 (Blood Glucose)
RN  - 0 (Insulin)
RN  - 0 (Lipoproteins)
RN  - 0 (Lipids)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Pistacia/metabolism
MH  - Snacks
MH  - Glycated Hemoglobin
MH  - *Prediabetic State
MH  - Blood Glucose/metabolism
MH  - Cross-Over Studies
MH  - Glycemic Control
MH  - *Insulin Resistance
MH  - Insulin
MH  - Lipoproteins
MH  - Lipids
MH  - *Cardiovascular Diseases
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - carbohydrate exchanges
OT  - nutritional intervention
OT  - pistachios
OT  - prediabetes
OT  - randomized crossover trial
EDAT- 2024/01/27 12:42
MHDA- 2024/04/15 06:43
CRDT- 2024/01/26 19:13
PHST- 2023/10/20 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/12/22 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2024/01/17 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2024/04/15 06:43 [medline]
PHST- 2024/01/27 12:42 [pubmed]
PHST- 2024/01/26 19:13 [entrez]
AID - S0022-3166(24)00040-3 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.01.021 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Nutr. 2024 Apr;154(4):1219-1231. doi: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.01.021. Epub 2024 
      Jan 24.