PMID- 38284341 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240130 LR - 20240210 IS - 1875-6190 (Electronic) IS - 1570-159X (Print) IS - 1570-159X (Linking) VI - 22 IP - 4 DP - 2024 TI - The Psychedelic Future of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Treatment. PG - 636-735 LID - 10.2174/1570159X22666231027111147 [doi] AB - Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that can occur following exposure to a traumatic experience. An estimated 12 million U.S. adults are presently affected by this disorder. Current treatments include psychological therapies (e.g., exposure-based interventions) and pharmacological treatments (e.g., selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)). However, a significant proportion of patients receiving standard-of-care therapies for PTSD remain symptomatic, and new approaches for this and other trauma-related mental health conditions are greatly needed. Psychedelic compounds that alter cognition, perception, and mood are currently being examined for their efficacy in treating PTSD despite their current status as Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)- scheduled substances. Initial clinical trials have demonstrated the potential value of psychedelicassisted therapy to treat PTSD and other psychiatric disorders. In this comprehensive review, we summarize the state of the science of PTSD clinical care, including current treatments and their shortcomings. We review clinical studies of psychedelic interventions to treat PTSD, trauma-related disorders, and common comorbidities. The classic psychedelics psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and DMT-containing ayahuasca, as well as the entactogen 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and the dissociative anesthetic ketamine, are reviewed. For each drug, we present the history of use, psychological and somatic effects, pharmacology, and safety profile. The rationale and proposed mechanisms for use in treating PTSD and traumarelated disorders are discussed. This review concludes with an in-depth consideration of future directions for the psychiatric applications of psychedelics to maximize therapeutic benefit and minimize risk in individuals and communities impacted by trauma-related conditions. CI - Copyright(c) Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net. FAU - Zaretsky, Tamar Glatman AU - Zaretsky TG AD - James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. AD - The Center for Psychedelic Psychotherapy and Trauma Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Jagodnik, Kathleen M AU - Jagodnik KM AD - The Center for Psychedelic Psychotherapy and Trauma Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Barsic, Robert AU - Barsic R AD - James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. AD - The Center for Psychedelic Psychotherapy and Trauma Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Antonio, Josimar Hernandez AU - Antonio JH AD - The Center for Psychedelic Psychotherapy and Trauma Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. AD - Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Bonanno, Philip A AU - Bonanno PA AD - The Center for Psychedelic Psychotherapy and Trauma Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. FAU - MacLeod, Carolyn AU - MacLeod C AD - James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. AD - The Center for Psychedelic Psychotherapy and Trauma Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Pierce, Charlotte AU - Pierce C AD - The Center for Psychedelic Psychotherapy and Trauma Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. AD - Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Carney, Hunter AU - Carney H AD - The Center for Psychedelic Psychotherapy and Trauma Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Morrison, Morgan T AU - Morrison MT AD - James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. AD - The Center for Psychedelic Psychotherapy and Trauma Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Saylor, Charles AU - Saylor C AD - The Center for Psychedelic Psychotherapy and Trauma Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. AD - Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Danias, George AU - Danias G AD - The Center for Psychedelic Psychotherapy and Trauma Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. AD - Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Lepow, Lauren AU - Lepow L AD - The Center for Psychedelic Psychotherapy and Trauma Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. AD - Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Yehuda, Rachel AU - Yehuda R AD - James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. AD - The Center for Psychedelic Psychotherapy and Trauma Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. AD - Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review PL - United Arab Emirates TA - Curr Neuropharmacol JT - Current neuropharmacology JID - 101157239 RN - 0 (Hallucinogens) RN - 8NA5SWF92O (Lysergic Acid Diethylamide) RN - 2RV7212BP0 (Psilocybin) RN - KE1SEN21RM (N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine) RN - WUB601BHAA (N,N-Dimethyltryptamine) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Humans MH - *Hallucinogens/therapeutic use/pharmacology MH - *Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/drug therapy MH - Lysergic Acid Diethylamide/therapeutic use MH - Psilocybin/therapeutic use MH - *N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine/therapeutic use MH - N,N-Dimethyltryptamine/therapeutic use PMC - PMC10845102 OTO - NOTNLM OT - 3 OT - 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) OT - Ayahuasca OT - Ketamine OT - Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) OT - Post- Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) OT - psilocybin OT - psychedelics OT - trauma. COIS- The Center for Psychedelic Psychotherapy and Trauma Research (CPPTR) conducts clinical trials sponsored by the Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies and COMPASS Pathways, with RY as the PI of the studies. TGZ and LL are Bob & Renee Parsons Foundation fellows at the CPPTR. EDAT- 2024/01/29 06:44 MHDA- 2024/01/30 12:42 PMCR- 2024/07/04 CRDT- 2024/01/29 05:55 PHST- 2023/04/27 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/09/11 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/09/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/07/04 00:00 [pmc-release] PHST- 2024/01/30 12:42 [medline] PHST- 2024/01/29 06:44 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/01/29 05:55 [entrez] AID - CN-EPUB-135677 [pii] AID - CN-22-636 [pii] AID - 10.2174/1570159X22666231027111147 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Curr Neuropharmacol. 2024;22(4):636-735. doi: 10.2174/1570159X22666231027111147.