PMID- 38304876
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20240203
IS  - 2590-1362 (Electronic)
IS  - 2590-1362 (Linking)
VI  - 16
DP  - 2024 Jan
TI  - Immunogenicity studies of recombinant RBD SARS-CoV-2 as a COVID-19 vaccine 
      candidate produced in Escherichia coli.
PG  - 100443
LID - 10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100443 [doi]
LID - 100443
AB  - The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 -related global COVID-19 
      pandemic has been impacting millions of people since its outbreak in 2020. 
      COVID-19 vaccination has proven highly efficient in reducing illness severity and 
      preventing infection-related fatalities. The World Health Organization has 
      granted emergency use approval to multiple, including protein subunit 
      technology-based, COVID-19 vaccines. Foreseeably, additional COVID-19 subunit 
      vaccine development would be essential to meet the accessible and growing demand 
      for effective vaccines, especially for Low-Middle-Income Countries (LMIC). The 
      SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor binding domain (RBD), as the primary target for 
      neutralizing antibodies, holds significant potential for future COVID-19 subunit 
      vaccine development. In this study, we developed a recombinant Escherichia 
      coli-expressed RBD (rRBD) as a vaccine candidate and evaluated its immunogenicity 
      and preliminary toxicity in BALB/c mice. The rRBD induced humoral immune response 
      from day 7 post-vaccination and, following the booster doses, the IgG levels 
      increased dramatically in mice. Interestingly, our vaccine candidate also 
      significantly induced cellular immune response, indicated by the incrased 
      IFN-ɣ-producing cell numbers. We observed no adverse effect or local 
      reactogenicity either in control or treated mice. Taken together, our discoveries 
      could potentially support efficient and cost-effective vaccine antigen 
      production, from which LMICs could particularly benefit.
CI  - (c) 2024 The Author(s).
FAU - Safitri, Intan Aghniya
AU  - Safitri IA
AD  - Biology Department, School of Life Science and Technology, Bandung Institute of 
      Technology, Bandung, Indonesia.
FAU - Sugijo, Yovin
AU  - Sugijo Y
AD  - Biochemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural 
      Science, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia.
FAU - Puspasari, Fernita
AU  - Puspasari F
AD  - Biochemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural 
      Science, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia.
FAU - Masduki, Fifi Fitriyah
AU  - Masduki FF
AD  - Biochemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural 
      Science, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia.
AD  - Bioscience and Biotechnology Research Centre, Bandung Institute of Technology, 
      Bandung, Indonesia.
FAU - Ihsanawati
AU  - Ihsanawati
AD  - Biochemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural 
      Science, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia.
FAU - Giri-Rachman, Ernawati Arifin
AU  - Giri-Rachman EA
AD  - Biology Department, School of Life Science and Technology, Bandung Institute of 
      Technology, Bandung, Indonesia.
AD  - Bioscience and Biotechnology Research Centre, Bandung Institute of Technology, 
      Bandung, Indonesia.
FAU - Artarini, Aluicia Anita
AU  - Artarini AA
AD  - Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Pharmaceutics Department, School of 
      Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia.
AD  - Bioscience and Biotechnology Research Centre, Bandung Institute of Technology, 
      Bandung, Indonesia.
FAU - Tan, Marselina Irasonia
AU  - Tan MI
AD  - Biology Department, School of Life Science and Technology, Bandung Institute of 
      Technology, Bandung, Indonesia.
AD  - Bioscience and Biotechnology Research Centre, Bandung Institute of Technology, 
      Bandung, Indonesia.
FAU - Natalia, Dessy
AU  - Natalia D
AD  - Biochemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural 
      Science, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia.
AD  - Bioscience and Biotechnology Research Centre, Bandung Institute of Technology, 
      Bandung, Indonesia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20240120
PL  - England
TA  - Vaccine X
JT  - Vaccine: X
JID - 101748769
PMC - PMC10832452
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - COVID-19
OT  - Escherichia coli
OT  - RBD
OT  - SARS-CoV-2
OT  - Vaccine candidate
COIS- The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships 
      which may be considered as potential competing interests: Dessy Natalia reports 
      equipment, drugs, or supplies was provided by Indonesia Endowment Fund for 
      Education. Marselina Irasonia Tan reports equipment, drugs, or supplies was 
      provided by Indonesia Endowment Fund for Education. Dessy Natalia reports 
      equipment, drugs, or supplies was provided by National Research and Innovation 
      Agency Republic of Indonesia. Marselina Irasonia Tan reports equipment, drugs, or 
      supplies was provided by National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of 
      Indonesia.
EDAT- 2024/02/02 06:42
MHDA- 2024/02/02 06:43
PMCR- 2024/01/20
CRDT- 2024/02/02 04:15
PHST- 2023/07/03 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2024/01/16 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2024/01/18 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2024/02/02 06:43 [medline]
PHST- 2024/02/02 06:42 [pubmed]
PHST- 2024/02/02 04:15 [entrez]
PHST- 2024/01/20 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S2590-1362(24)00016-0 [pii]
AID - 100443 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100443 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Vaccine X. 2024 Jan 20;16:100443. doi: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100443. eCollection 
      2024 Jan.