PMID- 38307338
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20240311
LR  - 20240311
IS  - 1879-1298 (Electronic)
IS  - 0045-6535 (Linking)
VI  - 352
DP  - 2024 Mar
TI  - Characterization and electrochemical properties of TiO(2)-rNTs/SnO(2)-Sb/PbO(2) 
      electrodes for the mineralization of persistent organic pollutants using anodic 
      oxidation coupled Electro-Fenton treatment: Effect of precursor selection.
PG  - 141307
LID - S0045-6535(24)00200-5 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141307 [doi]
AB  - The present study compares the effect of using different solvents on the 
      electrochemical properties of the reduced TiO(2) nanotubes (TiO(2)-rNTs) layered 
      Ti/TiO(2)-rNTs/SnO(2)-Sb/PbO(2) anodes. The electrodes are prepared using three 
      different solvent-based precursors: (i) isopropanol, (ii) ethylene glycol and 
      citric acid (Pechini method), and (iii) 2-hydroxyethylammonium acetate (2HEAA) 
      ionic liquid (IL) via the thermal decomposition route. The decomposition 
      mechanism of precursor solutions was explored using the thermogravimetric (TGA) 
      analysis. Further, the physicochemical properties of the electrodes are examined 
      using Field emission Scanning Electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction 
      spectroscopy (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron emission spectroscopy (XPS). The 
      results revealed that solvents with higher viscosity and slower decomposition 
      rates support better film uniformity and higher stability of the electrode. The 
      TiO(2) -rNTs bottom layer and PbO(2) top layer helped obtain higher film 
      stability, increased working potential window (2.2 V vs. SHE) of the electrode, 
      and the repeatability of the results. The performance of different electrodes 
      based on the precursor solution is found as IL >> Pechini > Isopropanol. 
      4-chlorophenol (4-CP) is used as a model pollutant to test the performance of 
      IL-Ti/TiO(2)-rNTs/SnO(2)-Sb/PbO(2) anode in an anodic oxidation (AO) coupled 
      electro-Fenton (EF) treatment. Further, the reliability of the electrode is 
      evaluated by mineralizing other persistent organic pollutants (POPs) like 
      tetracyclin, phenol, 2-chlorophenol (2-CP), and 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP). 
      Under the optimized conditions, the proposed system was able to mineralize the 
      tetracyclin, phenol, 2-CP, 2,4-DCP, and 4-CP up to 78.91, 82.07, 74.96, 78.78, 
      and 69.3 %, respectively. Moreover, the degradation mechanism of chlorophenols is 
      proposed.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Rai, Devendra
AU  - Rai D
AD  - Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, 
      Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India. Electronic address: drai@ch.iitr.ac.in.
FAU - Sinha, Shishir
AU  - Sinha S
AD  - Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, 
      Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India. Electronic address: shishir@ch.iitr.ac.in.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20240131
PL  - England
TA  - Chemosphere
JT  - Chemosphere
JID - 0320657
RN  - 0 (Oxides)
RN  - 0 (Persistent Organic Pollutants)
RN  - ND2M416302 (2-Propanol)
RN  - D1JT611TNE (Titanium)
RN  - 0 (Phenols)
RN  - 339NCG44TV (Phenol)
RN  - 0 (Solvents)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Oxides/chemistry
MH  - Persistent Organic Pollutants
MH  - 2-Propanol
MH  - Reproducibility of Results
MH  - Titanium/chemistry
MH  - Oxidation-Reduction
MH  - Phenols
MH  - Phenol/chemistry
MH  - Electrodes
MH  - Solvents
MH  - *Water Pollutants, Chemical/chemistry
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Chlorophenol
OT  - EAOPs
OT  - Electro-Fenton
OT  - Ionic liquid
OT  - Reduced TiO(2) nanotubes
OT  - Ti/SnO(2)-Sb/PbO(2) anode
COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known 
      competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared 
      to influence the work reported in this paper.
EDAT- 2024/02/03 00:42
MHDA- 2024/03/11 06:42
CRDT- 2024/02/02 19:31
PHST- 2023/09/26 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2024/01/23 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2024/01/25 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2024/03/11 06:42 [medline]
PHST- 2024/02/03 00:42 [pubmed]
PHST- 2024/02/02 19:31 [entrez]
AID - S0045-6535(24)00200-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141307 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Chemosphere. 2024 Mar;352:141307. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141307. Epub 
      2024 Jan 31.