PMID- 38318224
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20240207
IS  - 2008-9783 (Print)
IS  - 2228-6721 (Electronic)
IS  - 2008-9783 (Linking)
VI  - 14
DP  - 2023
TI  - Evaluation of the Effect of Phosphoric Acid or Er: YAG Laser on the Shear Bond 
      Strength of Orthodontic Brackets to Enamel Surfaces Followed by 980-Laser 
      Assisted Bleaching: An In Vitro Study.
PG  - e62
LID - 10.34172/jlms.2023.62 [doi]
LID - e62
AB  - Introduction: The residual oxygen remained on tooth surface after bleaching may 
      interfere with adhesion of brackets to enamel surface. This study aimed to 
      evaluate the influence of phosphoric acid and Er: YAG laser as an etching 
      technique on the shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic brackets to enamel 
      surfaces after 980-laser-assisted bleaching. Methods: A total of 84 human 
      premolars were recruited in the present study. Samples were divided into 6 groups 
      including conventional bleaching with conventional etching, conventional 
      bleaching with Er: YAG laser etching, laser-assisted bleaching with conventional 
      etching, and Laser-assisted bleaching with Er: YAG laser etching, without 
      bleaching with traditional etching, and without bleaching+Er: YAG laser etching. 
      Following thermocycling, the debonding of brackets was conducted using a 
      universal testing machine. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) microscope 
      evaluation and adhesive remnant index (ARI) scores were assessed. The comparison 
      of SBS values between groups was carried out by means of a one-way analysis of 
      variance, followed by post-hoc tests. Results: The non-bleaching with 
      conventional etching group showed the highest SBS mean value (23.45+/-5.16 MPa), 
      whereas the conventional bleaching with conventional etching group represented 
      the lowest SBS mean value (8.8+/-3.83 MPa). In all groups, the most common type of 
      failure was classified as either score 1 or score 2. No significant difference 
      was observed in terms of SBS mean between the groups (P=0.165); however, the 
      average SBS of bleached teeth was significantly lower, compared to the 
      non-bleached group (P=0.000). Honeycomb structure and porosity were observed 
      following Er: YAG laser etching on the tooth surface. Conclusion: Increased bond 
      strength of brackets was observed in bleached teeth following Er: YAG laser 
      etching. Therefore, if necessary, bond the brackets on the same day of bleaching 
      will be done, the application of Er:YAG laser as etching technique will can be 
      recommended.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2023 J Lasers Med Sci.
FAU - Oladzad, Mohammad
AU  - Oladzad M
AUID- ORCID: 0009-0009-2811-0328
AD  - School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical, Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
FAU - Chiniforush, Nasim
AU  - Chiniforush N
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3490-170X
AD  - Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genoa, 
      Genoa, Italy.
FAU - Bahrami, Rashin
AU  - Bahrami R
AD  - Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical 
      Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
FAU - Mirhashemi, Amirhossein
AU  - Mirhashemi A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9302-8368
AD  - Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical 
      Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20231213
PL  - Iran
TA  - J Lasers Med Sci
JT  - Journal of lasers in medical sciences
JID - 101580415
PMC - PMC10843250
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Bleaching
OT  - Diode
OT  - Er:YAG
OT  - Laser
OT  - Laser etching
OT  - Shear bond strength
COIS- The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
EDAT- 2024/02/06 06:42
MHDA- 2024/02/06 06:43
PMCR- 2023/12/13
CRDT- 2024/02/06 03:55
PHST- 2023/04/25 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/10/15 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2024/02/06 06:43 [medline]
PHST- 2024/02/06 06:42 [pubmed]
PHST- 2024/02/06 03:55 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/12/13 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.34172/jlms.2023.62 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - J Lasers Med Sci. 2023 Dec 13;14:e62. doi: 10.34172/jlms.2023.62. eCollection 
      2023.