PMID- 38320373 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240223 LR - 20240223 IS - 1873-6750 (Electronic) IS - 0160-4120 (Linking) VI - 184 DP - 2024 Feb TI - Associations between serum per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and thyroid hormones in Chinese adults: A nationally representative cross-sectional study. PG - 108459 LID - S0160-4120(24)00045-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108459 [doi] AB - Disruption of thyroid homeostasis has been indicated in human studies on the effects of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs). However, limited research exists on this topic within the general Chinese population. Based on a substantial and representative sample of the Chinese adult population, our study provides insight into how PFASs specifically affect thyroid homeostasis. The study included 10 853 participants, aged 18 years and above, sampled from nationally representative data provided by the China National Human Biomonitoring (CNHBM). Weighted multiple linear regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) models were used to explore the associations between eight individual PFAS concentrations and total thyroxine (T4), total triiodothyronine (T3), and the T4/T3 ratio. Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) and quantile-based g-computation (qgcomp) were employed to explore the joint and independent effects of PFASs on thyroid homeostasis. Both individual PFASs and PFAS mixtures exhibited a significant inverse association with serum T3 and T4 levels, and displayed a positive association with the T4/T3 ratio. Perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA) [-0.07 (95 % confidence interval (CI): -0.08, -0.05)] exhibited the largest change in T3 level. PFUnDA also exhibited a higher weight compared to other PFAS compounds in qgcomp models. Additionally, a critical exposure threshold for each PFAS was identified based on nonlinear dose-response associations; beyond these thresholds, the decreases in T3 and T4 levels plateaued. Specifically, for perfluoroheptane sulfonic acid (PFHpS) and 6:2 chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate (6:2 Cl-PFESA), an initial decline in hormone levels was observed, followed by a slight increase when concentrations surpassed 0.7 ng/mL and 2.5 ng/mL, respectively. Sex-specific effects were more pronounced in females, and significant associations were observed predominantly in younger age groups. These insights contribute to our understanding of how PFAS compounds impact thyroid health and emphasize the need for further research and environmental management measures to address these complexities. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Xing, Yanan AU - Xing Y AD - State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China. FAU - Li, Zheng AU - Li Z AD - China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China. FAU - Wang, Jinghua AU - Wang J AD - State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China. FAU - Qu, Yingli AU - Qu Y AD - China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China. FAU - Hu, Qiongpu AU - Hu Q AD - State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China. FAU - Ji, Saisai AU - Ji S AD - China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China. FAU - Chang, Xiaochen AU - Chang X AD - State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China. FAU - Zhao, Feng AU - Zhao F AD - China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China. FAU - Lv, Yuebin AU - Lv Y AD - China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China. FAU - Pan, Yitao AU - Pan Y AD - State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China. Electronic address: panyitao@sjtu.edu.cn. FAU - Shi, Xiaoming AU - Shi X AD - China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. Electronic address: shixm@chinacdc.cn. FAU - Dai, Jiayin AU - Dai J AD - State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240129 PL - Netherlands TA - Environ Int JT - Environment international JID - 7807270 RN - 0 (perfluoroundecanoic acid) RN - 0 (Environmental Pollutants) RN - 0 (Thyroid Hormones) RN - 0 (Fluorocarbons) RN - 0 (Alkanesulfonic Acids) RN - 0 (Fatty Acids) SB - IM MH - Male MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Environmental Pollutants MH - Bayes Theorem MH - Thyroid Hormones MH - *Fluorocarbons/analysis MH - China MH - *Alkanesulfonic Acids MH - *Fatty Acids OTO - NOTNLM OT - General population OT - Joint exposures OT - Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances OT - Thyroid hormones COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2024/02/07 00:42 MHDA- 2024/02/23 06:44 CRDT- 2024/02/06 18:02 PHST- 2023/10/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/12/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/01/23 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/02/23 06:44 [medline] PHST- 2024/02/07 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/02/06 18:02 [entrez] AID - S0160-4120(24)00045-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108459 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Environ Int. 2024 Feb;184:108459. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108459. Epub 2024 Jan 29.