PMID- 38338382
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20240214
LR  - 20240214
IS  - 1420-3049 (Electronic)
IS  - 1420-3049 (Linking)
VI  - 29
IP  - 3
DP  - 2024 Jan 30
TI  - An Automated Micro Solid-Phase Extraction (muSPE) Liquid Chromatography-Mass 
      Spectrometry Method for Cyclophosphamide and Iphosphamide: Biological Monitoring 
      in Antineoplastic Drug (AD) Occupational Exposure.
LID - 10.3390/molecules29030638 [doi]
LID - 638
AB  - Despite the considerable steps taken in the last decade in the context of 
      antineoplastic drug (AD) handling procedures, their mutagenic effect still poses 
      a threat to healthcare personnel actively involved in compounding and 
      administration units. Biological monitoring procedures usually require large 
      volumes of sample and extraction solvents, or do not provide adequate 
      sensitivity. It is here proposed a fast and automated method to evaluate the 
      urinary levels of cyclophosphamide and iphosphamide, composed of a miniaturized 
      solid phase extraction (microSPE) followed by ultrahigh-performance liquid 
      chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) analysis. The extraction 
      procedure, developed through design of experiments (DoE) on the ePrep One 
      Workstation, required a total time of 9.5 min per sample, with recoveries of 
      77-79% and a solvent consumption lower than 1.5 mL per 1 mL of urine sample. 
      Thanks to the UHPLC-MS/MS method, the limits of quantification (LOQ) obtained 
      were lower than 10 pg/mL. The analytical procedure was successfully applied to 23 
      urine samples from compounding wards of four Italian hospitals, which resulted in 
      contaminations between 27 and 182 pg/mL.
FAU - Dugheri, Stefano
AU  - Dugheri S
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3078-7188
AD  - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 
      Florence, Italy.
FAU - Squillaci, Donato
AU  - Squillaci D
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8665-845X
AD  - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 
      Florence, Italy.
FAU - Saccomando, Valentina
AU  - Saccomando V
AD  - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 
      Florence, Italy.
FAU - Marrubini, Giorgio
AU  - Marrubini G
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1399-5783
AD  - Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, 
      Italy.
FAU - Bucaletti, Elisabetta
AU  - Bucaletti E
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2060-5392
AD  - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 
      Florence, Italy.
FAU - Rapi, Ilaria
AU  - Rapi I
AD  - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 
      Florence, Italy.
FAU - Fanfani, Niccolo
AU  - Fanfani N
AD  - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 
      Florence, Italy.
FAU - Cappelli, Giovanni
AU  - Cappelli G
AD  - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 
      Florence, Italy.
FAU - Mucci, Nicola
AU  - Mucci N
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0579-1035
AD  - Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 
      Florence, Italy.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20240130
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Molecules
JT  - Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 100964009
RN  - UM20QQM95Y (Ifosfamide)
RN  - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents)
RN  - 8N3DW7272P (Cyclophosphamide)
RN  - 0 (Solvents)
SB  - IM
MH  - Ifosfamide
MH  - Tandem Mass Spectrometry/methods
MH  - Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
MH  - Biological Monitoring
MH  - *Antineoplastic Agents
MH  - Cyclophosphamide
MH  - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods
MH  - Solid Phase Extraction
MH  - Solvents
MH  - *Occupational Exposure
PMC - PMC10856084
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - antineoplastic drugs
OT  - biological monitoring
OT  - micro solid phase extraction
OT  - tandem mass spectrometry
OT  - ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography
OT  - microSPEed
COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
EDAT- 2024/02/10 10:48
MHDA- 2024/02/11 16:42
PMCR- 2024/01/30
CRDT- 2024/02/10 01:08
PHST- 2023/12/28 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2024/01/23 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2024/01/26 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2024/02/11 16:42 [medline]
PHST- 2024/02/10 10:48 [pubmed]
PHST- 2024/02/10 01:08 [entrez]
PHST- 2024/01/30 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - molecules29030638 [pii]
AID - molecules-29-00638 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/molecules29030638 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Molecules. 2024 Jan 30;29(3):638. doi: 10.3390/molecules29030638.