PMID- 38340600 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240226 LR - 20240226 IS - 1090-2414 (Electronic) IS - 0147-6513 (Linking) VI - 272 DP - 2024 Mar 1 TI - Sex-specific, non-linear and congener-specific association between mixed exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and diabetes in U.S. adults. PG - 116091 LID - S0147-6513(24)00166-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116091 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Whether and to what extent the impact of exposure to various polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) congeners on diabetes, as well as the important contributors, have remained unclear. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the association patterns between PCBs mixture and diabetes, identify the critical congeners, and explore the potential modifiers. METHODS: The present study included 5900 U.S. adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2007 and 2016. Weighted logistic regression, restricted cubic spline regression, weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were applied to estimate the linear and non-linear associations of single and mixed PCB exposure with diabetes. Subgroup analyses were also conducted to explore potential sex differences. RESULTS: In the weighted logistic regression model, total PCBs were positively associated with diabetes (OR = 1.33, P < 0.025), and significant non-linear associations were observed using RCS analyses. The non-linear positive association between PCBs mixed exposure and diabetes was likewise found in the WQS and BKMR results. PCB180, PCB194, PCB196, and PCB167 were with the highest weights in the WQS, and PCB209 and PCB66 were with the highest posterior inclusion probabilities in the BKMR. Additionally, exposure to total PCBs and most of individual PCB congeners were significantly associated with elevated risk of in females (OR = 1.74; P for trend < 0.001), while fewer significant associations were observed in males. CONCLUSION: The present study highlighted the importance of the long-term surveillance of PCBs and the need to enhance protective measures against them. Notably, these associations were non-linear, congener-specific, and significantly stronger in females than males, especially at relatively high levels of PCBs exposure. Further prospective and mechanistic studies were warranted to ascertain the causal effects between PCBs mixture and diabetes. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Pan, Keyu AU - Pan K AD - Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.; Institute for Medical Dataology, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China. FAU - Jia, Huixun AU - Jia H AD - National Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Diseases; Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China; School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China. FAU - Chen, Renjie AU - Chen R AD - School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China. FAU - Su, Chang AU - Su C AD - National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China. FAU - Wang, Huijun AU - Wang H AD - National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China. Electronic address: wanghj@ninh.chinacdc.cn. FAU - Zhang, Tao AU - Zhang T AD - Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.; Institute for Medical Dataology, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China; Clinical Research Center of Shandong University, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China. Electronic address: taozhang@sdu.edu.cn. FAU - Wu, Zhenyu AU - Wu Z AD - School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China. Electronic address: zyw@fudan.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240209 PL - Netherlands TA - Ecotoxicol Environ Saf JT - Ecotoxicology and environmental safety JID - 7805381 RN - DFC2HB4I0K (Polychlorinated Biphenyls) RN - 0 (Environmental Pollutants) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - *Polychlorinated Biphenyls/toxicity/analysis MH - *Environmental Pollutants/toxicity/analysis MH - Environmental Exposure/analysis MH - Nutrition Surveys MH - Bayes Theorem MH - *Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bayesian kernel machine regression OT - Diabetes OT - Polychlorinated biphenyls OT - Restricted cubic spline OT - Weighted quantile sum regression COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2024/02/11 07:42 MHDA- 2024/02/26 06:45 CRDT- 2024/02/10 18:11 PHST- 2023/10/30 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/01/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/02/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/02/26 06:45 [medline] PHST- 2024/02/11 07:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/02/10 18:11 [entrez] AID - S0147-6513(24)00166-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116091 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2024 Mar 1;272:116091. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116091. Epub 2024 Feb 9.