PMID- 38344270 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240213 IS - 2052-1537 (Print) IS - 2052-1537 (Electronic) VI - 5 IP - 18 DP - 2021 Sep 21 TI - USE OF ARTIFICIAL CELLS AS DRUG CARRIERS. PG - 6672-6692 LID - 10.1039/d1qm00717c [doi] AB - Cells are the fundamental functional units of biological systems and mimicking their size, function and complexity is a primary goal in the development of new therapeutic strategies. Recent advances in chemistry, synthetic biology and material science have enabled the development of cell membrane-based drug delivery systems (DDSs), often referred to as "artificial cells" or protocells. Artificial cells can be made by removing functions from natural systems in a top-down manner, or assembly from synthetic, organic or inorganic materials, through a bottom-up approach where simple units are integrated to form more complex structures. This review covers the latest advances in the development of artificial cells as DDSs, highlighting how their designs have been inspired by natural cells or cell membranes. Advancement of artificial cell technologies has led to a set of drug carriers with effective and controlled release of a variety of therapeutics for a range of diseases, and with increasing complexity they will have a greater impact on therapeutic designs. FAU - Diltemiz, Sibel Emir AU - Diltemiz SE AD - Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA. AD - Department of Chemistry, Eskisehir Technical University, Eskisehir, Turkey. FAU - Tavafoghi PhD, Maryam AU - Tavafoghi PhD M AD - Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA. FAU - Roberto de Barros, Natan AU - Roberto de Barros N AD - Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA. AD - Department of Bioprocess and Biotechnology Engineering, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Kanada, Masamitsu AU - Kanada M AD - Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ), Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA. FAU - Heinamaki, Jyrki AU - Heinamaki J AD - Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Nooruse Str. 1, EE-50411 Tartu, Estonia. FAU - Contag, Christopher AU - Contag C AD - Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ) and Departments of Biomedical Engineering (BME), and Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA. FAU - Seidlits, Stephanie AU - Seidlits S AD - Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA. FAU - Ashammakhi, Nureddin AU - Ashammakhi N AD - Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA. AD - Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ) and Department of Biomedical Engineering (BME), Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA. LA - eng GR - UG3 TR003148/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210716 PL - England TA - Mater Chem Front JT - Materials chemistry frontiers JID - 101683054 PMC - PMC10857888 MID - NIHMS1731306 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Artificial cells OT - drug delivery OT - liposomes OT - therapeutic drug delivery EDAT- 2021/09/21 00:00 MHDA- 2021/09/21 00:01 PMCR- 2024/02/09 CRDT- 2024/02/12 04:20 PHST- 2021/09/21 00:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/09/21 00:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/02/12 04:20 [entrez] PHST- 2024/02/09 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1039/d1qm00717c [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Mater Chem Front. 2021 Sep 21;5(18):6672-6692. doi: 10.1039/d1qm00717c. Epub 2021 Jul 16.