PMID- 38345836
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20240229
IS  - 1929-0748 (Print)
IS  - 1929-0748 (Electronic)
IS  - 1929-0748 (Linking)
VI  - 13
DP  - 2024 Feb 12
TI  - A Digital Intervention to Improve Skin Self-Examination Among Survivors of 
      Melanoma: Protocol for a Type-1 Hybrid Effectiveness-Implementation Randomized 
      Trial.
PG  - e52689
LID - 10.2196/52689 [doi]
LID - e52689
AB  - BACKGROUND: Although melanoma survival rates have improved in recent years, 
      survivors remain at risk of recurrence, second primary cancers, and keratinocyte 
      carcinomas. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network recommends skin 
      examinations by a physician every 3 to 12 months. Regular thorough skin 
      self-examinations (SSEs) are recommended for survivors of melanoma to promote the 
      detection of earlier-stage, thinner melanomas, which are associated with improved 
      survival and lower treatment costs. Despite their importance, less than a quarter 
      of survivors of melanoma engage in SSEs. OBJECTIVE: Previously, our team 
      developed and evaluated a web-based, fully automated intervention called 
      mySmartSkin (MSS) that successfully improved SSE among survivors of melanoma. 
      Enhancements were proposed to improve engagement with and outcomes of MSS. The 
      purpose of this paper is to describe the rationale and methodology for a type-1 
      hybrid effectiveness-implementation randomized trial evaluating the enhanced MSS 
      versus control and exploring implementation outcomes and contextual factors. 
      METHODS: This study will recruit from state cancer registries and social media 
      300 individuals diagnosed with cutaneous malignant melanoma between 3 months and 
      5 years after surgery who are currently cancer free. Participants will be 
      randomly assigned to either enhanced MSS or a noninteractive educational web 
      page. Surveys will be collected from both arms at baseline and at 3, 6, 12, and 
      18 months to assess measures of intervention engagement, barriers, self-efficacy, 
      habit, and SSE. The primary outcome is thorough SSE. The secondary outcomes are 
      the diagnosis of new or recurrent melanomas and sun protection practices. 
      RESULTS: Multilevel modeling will be used to examine whether there are 
      significant differences in survivor outcomes between MSS and the noninteractive 
      web page over time. Mixed methods will evaluate reach, adoption, implementation 
      (including costs), and potential for maintenance of MSS, as well as contextual 
      factors relevant to those outcomes and future scale-up. CONCLUSIONS: This trial 
      has the potential to improve outcomes in survivors of melanoma. If MSS is 
      effective, the results could guide its implementation in oncology care and 
      nonprofit organizations focused on skin cancers. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT 
      IDENTIFIER (IRRID): RR1-10.2196/52689.
CI  - (c)Sharon Manne, Carolyn J Heckman, Sara Frederick, Alexis A Schaefer, Christina R 
      Studts, Olga Khavjou, Amanda Honeycutt, Adam Berger, Hao Liu. Originally 
      published in JMIR Research Protocols (https://www.researchprotocols.org), 
      12.02.2024.
FAU - Manne, Sharon
AU  - Manne S
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9304-7822
AD  - Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States.
FAU - Heckman, Carolyn J
AU  - Heckman CJ
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1016-3965
AD  - Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States.
FAU - Frederick, Sara
AU  - Frederick S
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5962-6938
AD  - Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States.
FAU - Schaefer, Alexis A
AU  - Schaefer AA
AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-2789-2024
AD  - Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States.
FAU - Studts, Christina R
AU  - Studts CR
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4856-7255
AD  - University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.
FAU - Khavjou, Olga
AU  - Khavjou O
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0805-0769
AD  - RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States.
FAU - Honeycutt, Amanda
AU  - Honeycutt A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0166-1399
AD  - RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States.
FAU - Berger, Adam
AU  - Berger A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1192-3276
AD  - Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States.
FAU - Liu, Hao
AU  - Liu H
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0356-7478
AD  - Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20240212
PL  - Canada
TA  - JMIR Res Protoc
JT  - JMIR research protocols
JID - 101599504
PMC - PMC10897801
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - cancer survivorship
OT  - digital interventions
OT  - melanoma
OT  - skin self-examinations
COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None declared.
EDAT- 2024/02/12 15:44
MHDA- 2024/02/12 15:45
PMCR- 2024/02/12
CRDT- 2024/02/12 11:53
PHST- 2023/09/12 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/10/26 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2024/02/12 15:45 [medline]
PHST- 2024/02/12 15:44 [pubmed]
PHST- 2024/02/12 11:53 [entrez]
PHST- 2024/02/12 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - v13i1e52689 [pii]
AID - 10.2196/52689 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - JMIR Res Protoc. 2024 Feb 12;13:e52689. doi: 10.2196/52689.