PMID- 38362515
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20240217
IS  - 2405-6383 (Electronic)
IS  - 2405-6545 (Print)
IS  - 2405-6383 (Linking)
VI  - 16
DP  - 2024 Mar
TI  - Hexokinase 1 and 2 mediates glucose utilization to regulate the synthesis of 
      kappa casein via ribosome protein subunit 6 kinase 1 in bovine mammary epithelial 
      cells.
PG  - 338-349
LID - 10.1016/j.aninu.2024.01.001 [doi]
AB  - Glucose plays a vital part in milk protein synthesis through the mTOR signaling 
      pathway in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMEC). The objectives of this study 
      were to determine how glucose affects hexokinase (HK) activity in BMEC and 
      investigate the regulatory effect of HK in kappa casein (CSN3) synthesis via the 
      mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling pathway in BMEC. For 
      this, HK1 and HK2 were knocked out in BMEC using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. The gene 
      and protein expression, glucose uptake, and cell proliferation were measured. We 
      found that glucose uptake, cell proliferation, CSN3 gene expression levels, and 
      expression of HK1 and HK2 increased with increasing glucose concentrations. 
      Notably, glucose uptake was significantly reduced in HK2 knockout (HK2KO) BMEC 
      treated with 17.5 mM glucose. Moreover, under the same glucose treatment 
      conditions, the proliferative ability and abundance of CSN3 were significantly 
      diminished in both HK1 knockout (HK1KO) and HK2KO BMEC compared with that in 
      wild-type BEMC. We further observed that the phosphorylation levels of ribosome 
      protein subunit 6 kinase 1 (S6K1) were reduced in HK1KO and HK2KO BMEC following 
      treatment with 17.5 mM glucose. As expected, the levels of glucose-6-phosphate 
      and the mRNA expression levels of glycolysis-related genes were decreased in both 
      HK1KO and HK2KO BMEC following glucose treatment. These results indicated that 
      the knockout of HK1 and HK2 inhibited cell proliferation and CSN3 expression in 
      BMEC under glucose treatment, which may be associated with the inactivation of 
      the S6K1 and inhibition of glycolysis.
CI  - (c) 2024 The Authors.
FAU - Yang, Tianyu
AU  - Yang T
AD  - Institute of Animal Culture Collection and Application, College of Animal Science 
      and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
FAU - Guo, Jia
AU  - Guo J
AD  - Institute of Animal Culture Collection and Application, College of Animal Science 
      and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
FAU - Song, Han
AU  - Song H
AD  - Institute of Animal Culture Collection and Application, College of Animal Science 
      and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
FAU - Datsomor, Osmond
AU  - Datsomor O
AD  - Institute of Animal Culture Collection and Application, College of Animal Science 
      and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
FAU - Chen, Yuhang
AU  - Chen Y
AD  - Institute of Animal Culture Collection and Application, College of Animal Science 
      and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
FAU - Jiang, Maocheng
AU  - Jiang M
AD  - Institute of Animal Culture Collection and Application, College of Animal Science 
      and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
FAU - Zhan, Kang
AU  - Zhan K
AD  - Institute of Animal Culture Collection and Application, College of Animal Science 
      and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
FAU - Zhao, Guoqi
AU  - Zhao G
AD  - Institute of Animal Culture Collection and Application, College of Animal Science 
      and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20240114
PL  - China
TA  - Anim Nutr
JT  - Animal nutrition (Zhongguo xu mu shou yi xue hui)
JID - 101717655
PMC - PMC10867561
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Bovine mammary epithelial cell
OT  - Glucose
OT  - Hexokinase
OT  - Kappa casein
OT  - Mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 signaling pathway
OT  - Milk protein
COIS- We declare that we have no financial and personal relationships with other people 
      or organizations that can inappropriately influence our work, and there is no 
      professional or other personal interest of any nature or kind in any product, 
      service and/or company that could be construed as influencing the content of this 
      paper.
EDAT- 2024/02/16 06:43
MHDA- 2024/02/16 06:44
PMCR- 2024/01/14
CRDT- 2024/02/16 03:59
PHST- 2022/12/16 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/12/09 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2024/01/07 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2024/02/16 06:44 [medline]
PHST- 2024/02/16 06:43 [pubmed]
PHST- 2024/02/16 03:59 [entrez]
PHST- 2024/01/14 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S2405-6545(24)00002-7 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.aninu.2024.01.001 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Anim Nutr. 2024 Jan 14;16:338-349. doi: 10.1016/j.aninu.2024.01.001. eCollection 
      2024 Mar.