PMID- 38369188 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240422 LR - 20240422 IS - 1530-0285 (Electronic) IS - 0893-3952 (Linking) VI - 37 IP - 4 DP - 2024 Apr TI - Quantitative Multiplexed Analysis of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) and Arginase-1 (ARG1) Expression and Myeloid Cell Infiltration in Colorectal Cancer. PG - 100450 LID - S0893-3952(24)00030-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.modpat.2024.100450 [doi] AB - Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and arginase-1 (ARG1) are amino acid-metabolizing enzymes, frequently highly expressed in cancer. Their expression may deplete essential amino acids, lead to immunosuppression, and promote cancer growth. Still, their expression patterns, prognostic significance, and spatial localization in the colorectal cancer microenvironment are incompletely understood. Using a custom 10-plex immunohistochemistry assay and supervised machine learning-based digital image analysis, we characterized IDO and ARG1 expression in monocytic cells, granulocytes, mast cells, and tumor cells in 833 colorectal cancer patients. We evaluated the prognostic value and spatial arrangement of IDO- and ARG1-expressing myeloid and tumor cells. IDO was mainly expressed not only by monocytic cells but also by some tumor cells, whereas ARG1 was predominantly expressed by granulocytes. Higher density of IDO(+) monocytic cells was an independent prognostic factor for improved cancer-specific survival both in the tumor center (P(trend) = .0002; hazard ratio [HR] for the highest ordinal category Q4 [vs Q1], 0.51; 95% CI, 0.33-0.79) and the invasive margin (P(trend) = .0015). Higher density of granulocytes was associated with prolonged cancer-specific survival in univariable models, and higher FCGR3(+)ARG1(+) neutrophil density in the tumor center also in multivariable analysis (P(trend) = .0020). Granulocytes were, on average, located closer to tumor cells than monocytic cells. Furthermore, IDO(+) monocytic cells and ARG1(-) granulocytes were closer than IDO(-) monocytic cells and ARG1(+) granulocytes, respectively. The mRNA expression of the IDO1 gene was assessed in myeloid and tumor cells using publicly available single-cell RNA sequencing data for 62 colorectal cancers. IDO1 was mainly expressed in monocytes and dendritic cells, and high IDO1 activity in monocytes was associated with enriched immunostimulatory pathways. Our findings provided in-depth information about the infiltration patterns and prognostic value of cells expressing IDO and/or ARG1 in the colorectal cancer microenvironment, highlighting the significance of host immune response in tumor progression. CI - Copyright (c) 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Elomaa, Hanna AU - Elomaa H AD - Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland; Department of Education and Research, Hospital Nova of Central Finland, Well Being Services County of Central Finland, Jyvaskyla, Finland. FAU - Harkonen, Jouni AU - Harkonen J AD - Department of Pathology, Hospital Nova of Central Finland, Well Being Services County of Central Finland, Jyvaskyla, Finland; Faculty of Health Sciences, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland. FAU - Vayrynen, Sara A AU - Vayrynen SA AD - Department of Internal Medicine, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland. FAU - Ahtiainen, Maarit AU - Ahtiainen M AD - Department of Pathology, Hospital Nova of Central Finland, Well Being Services County of Central Finland, Jyvaskyla, Finland. FAU - Ogino, Shuji AU - Ogino S AD - Program in Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Cancer Immunology and Cancer Epidemiology Programs, Dana-Farber Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - Nowak, Jonathan A AU - Nowak JA AD - Program in Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. FAU - Lau, Mai Chan AU - Lau MC AD - Bioinformatics Institute (BII), Agency of Science, Technology and Research (A *STAR), Singapore, Singapore; Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency of Science, Technology and Research (A *STAR), Singapore, Singapore. FAU - Helminen, Olli AU - Helminen O AD - Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland. FAU - Wirta, Erkki-Ville AU - Wirta EV AD - Department of Gastroenterology and Alimentary Tract Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland; Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland. FAU - Seppala, Toni T AU - Seppala TT AD - Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland; Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Applied Tumor Genomics, Research Program Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. FAU - Bohm, Jan AU - Bohm J AD - Department of Pathology, Hospital Nova of Central Finland, Well Being Services County of Central Finland, Jyvaskyla, Finland. FAU - Mecklin, Jukka-Pekka AU - Mecklin JP AD - Department of Education and Research, Hospital Nova of Central Finland, Well Being Services County of Central Finland, Jyvaskyla, Finland; Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland. FAU - Kuopio, Teijo AU - Kuopio T AD - Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland; Department of Pathology, Hospital Nova of Central Finland, Well Being Services County of Central Finland, Jyvaskyla, Finland. FAU - Vayrynen, Juha P AU - Vayrynen JP AD - Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland. Electronic address: juha.vayrynen@oulu.fi. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240216 PL - United States TA - Mod Pathol JT - Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc JID - 8806605 RN - 0 (Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase) RN - EC 3.5.3.1 (Arginase) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/metabolism MH - Arginase/metabolism MH - Prognosis MH - Myeloid Cells/metabolism MH - *Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics MH - Tumor Microenvironment OTO - NOTNLM OT - bioimage analysis OT - colorectal carcinoma OT - multiplex immunohistochemistry OT - prognostic factors OT - spatial analysis OT - tumor immunology EDAT- 2024/02/19 00:42 MHDA- 2024/04/22 06:45 CRDT- 2024/02/18 19:18 PHST- 2023/10/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/01/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2024/02/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/04/22 06:45 [medline] PHST- 2024/02/19 00:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/02/18 19:18 [entrez] AID - S0893-3952(24)00030-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.modpat.2024.100450 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Mod Pathol. 2024 Apr;37(4):100450. doi: 10.1016/j.modpat.2024.100450. Epub 2024 Feb 16.