PMID- 38370067 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240220 IS - 2048-7177 (Print) IS - 2048-7177 (Electronic) IS - 2048-7177 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 2 DP - 2024 Feb TI - Prebiotics Plus Probiotics May Favorably Impact on Gut Permeability, Endocannabinoid Receptors, and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Patients with Coronary Artery Diseases: A Clinical Trial. PG - 1207-1217 LID - 10.1002/fsn3.3835 [doi] AB - While gut-to-systemic translocation of pyrogenic endotoxin due to a leaky gut elicits systemic inflammation, at the intestine, the endocannabinoid system (eCB) also plays a major role in modulating the impact of gut dysbiosis on the host system. Therefore, we hypothesized that coadministration of prebiotic inulin with probiotics would improve the eCB system, gut microbial composition, and inflammatory parameters associated with coronary artery diseases (CAD). We designed a randomized, double-blind trial with 92 CAD patients. Patients were randomly allocated to receive inulin (15 mg/day), LGG capsules 1.9 x 10(9) colony-forming unit (CFU) or inulin plus probiotic (synbiotics) supplements, for a duration of 60 days. We assessed gut microbiota composition, expression of cannabinoid receptors (i.e., CB1 and CB2), serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4), lipopolysaccharides (LPS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) before and after the supplementation. Probiotic-inulin cosupplementation significantly decreased IL6, LPS, and TLR-4 and increased serum TAC concentrations compared with the placebo. While CB1 receptor expression had no difference, significant differences were observed for the CB2 receptor expression among the four treatments. CB2 receptor mRNA expression significantly (p < .05) correlated with serum levels of LPS (r = -.10) and F/B ratio (r = -.407, p = .047). Our data collectively provide preliminary evidence that gut microbiota determines gut permeability through the LPS-eCB system. We also have found that synbiotics improved the eCB receptors, and inflammatory biomarkers more than either of the two supplementations given alone. CI - (c) 2023 The Authors. Food Science & Nutrition published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. FAU - Liu, Min AU - Liu M AD - Department of General Medicine The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan Shanxi China. FAU - Tandorost, Arash AU - Tandorost A AD - Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH) Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran. FAU - Moludi, Jalall AU - Moludi J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8333-414X AD - Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH) Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran. FAU - Dey, Priyankar AU - Dey P AD - Department of Biotechnology The Institute of Engineering & Technology Patiala India. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20231122 PL - United States TA - Food Sci Nutr JT - Food science & nutrition JID - 101605473 PMC - PMC10867495 OTO - NOTNLM OT - coronary artery diseases OT - endocannabinoid system OT - gut microbiota OT - metabolic endotoxemia OT - prebiotics OT - probiotics COIS- The authors report that they have no conflicts of interest and that no other individuals besides those listed as authors were involved in the preparation of this manuscript. Additionally, the authors disclose that they have no significant relationships with, or financial interest in, any commercial companies pertaining to this article. The lead author further affirms that this manuscript is an honest, accurate, and transparent account of the study being reported. EDAT- 2024/02/19 06:43 MHDA- 2024/02/19 06:44 PMCR- 2023/11/22 CRDT- 2024/02/19 04:06 PHST- 2023/07/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/09/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/11/04 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/02/19 06:44 [medline] PHST- 2024/02/19 06:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/02/19 04:06 [entrez] PHST- 2023/11/22 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - FSN33835 [pii] AID - 10.1002/fsn3.3835 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Food Sci Nutr. 2023 Nov 22;12(2):1207-1217. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.3835. eCollection 2024 Feb.