PMID- 38379904
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20240222
IS  - 1663-9812 (Print)
IS  - 1663-9812 (Electronic)
IS  - 1663-9812 (Linking)
VI  - 15
DP  - 2024
TI  - A review of the mechanisms of abnormal ceramide metabolism in type 2 diabetes 
      mellitus, Alzheimer's disease, and their co-morbidities.
PG  - 1348410
LID - 10.3389/fphar.2024.1348410 [doi]
LID - 1348410
AB  - The global prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and Alzheimer's disease 
      (AD) is rapidly increasing, revealing a strong association between these two 
      diseases. Currently, there are no curative medication available for the 
      comorbidity of T2DM and AD. Ceramides are structural components of cell membrane 
      lipids and act as signal molecules regulating cell homeostasis. Their synthesis 
      and degradation play crucial roles in maintaining metabolic balance in vivo, 
      serving as important mediators in the development of neurodegenerative and 
      metabolic disorders. Abnormal ceramide metabolism disrupts intracellular 
      signaling, induces oxidative stress, activates inflammatory factors, and impacts 
      glucose and lipid homeostasis in metabolism-related tissues like the liver, 
      skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue, driving the occurrence and progression of 
      T2DM. The connection between changes in ceramide levels in the brain, amyloid beta 
      accumulation, and tau hyper-phosphorylation is evident. Additionally, ceramide 
      regulates cell survival and apoptosis through related signaling pathways, 
      actively participating in the occurrence and progression of AD. Regulatory 
      enzymes, their metabolites, and signaling pathways impact core pathological 
      molecular mechanisms shared by T2DM and AD, such as insulin resistance and 
      inflammatory response. Consequently, regulating ceramide metabolism may become a 
      potential therapeutic target and intervention for the comorbidity of T2DM and AD. 
      The paper comprehensively summarizes and discusses the role of ceramide and its 
      metabolites in the pathogenesis of T2DM and AD, as well as the latest progress in 
      the treatment of T2DM with AD.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2024 Pan, Li, Lin, Wan, Qu, Cao and Wang.
FAU - Pan, Yun
AU  - Pan Y
AD  - School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 
      Zhejiang, China.
FAU - Li, Jieying
AU  - Li J
AD  - School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 
      Zhejiang, China.
FAU - Lin, Panjie
AU  - Lin P
AD  - School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 
      Zhejiang, China.
FAU - Wan, Lihua
AU  - Wan L
AD  - School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 
      Zhejiang, China.
FAU - Qu, Yiqian
AU  - Qu Y
AD  - School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 
      Zhejiang, China.
FAU - Cao, Lingyong
AU  - Cao L
AD  - School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 
      Zhejiang, China.
FAU - Wang, Lei
AU  - Wang L
AD  - School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 
      Zhejiang, China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20240206
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Pharmacol
JT  - Frontiers in pharmacology
JID - 101548923
PMC - PMC10877008
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Alzheimer's disease
OT  - ceramide
OT  - comorbidity
OT  - inflammation
OT  - insulin signaling
OT  - type 2 diabetes mellitus
COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any 
      commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential 
      conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2024/02/21 11:16
MHDA- 2024/02/21 11:17
PMCR- 2024/02/06
CRDT- 2024/02/21 04:01
PHST- 2023/12/02 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2024/01/18 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2024/02/21 11:17 [medline]
PHST- 2024/02/21 11:16 [pubmed]
PHST- 2024/02/21 04:01 [entrez]
PHST- 2024/02/06 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 1348410 [pii]
AID - 10.3389/fphar.2024.1348410 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Pharmacol. 2024 Feb 6;15:1348410. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1348410. 
      eCollection 2024.