PMID- 38382459 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20240412 LR - 20240425 IS - 1349-7006 (Electronic) IS - 1347-9032 (Print) IS - 1347-9032 (Linking) VI - 115 IP - 4 DP - 2024 Apr TI - Emerging potential of immunopeptidomics by mass spectrometry in cancer immunotherapy. PG - 1048-1059 LID - 10.1111/cas.16118 [doi] AB - With significant advances in analytical technologies, research in the field of cancer immunotherapy, such as adoptive T cell therapy, cancer vaccine, and immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), is currently gaining tremendous momentum. Since the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy is recognized only by a minority of patients, more potent tumor-specific antigens (TSAs, also known as neoantigens) and predictive markers for treatment response are of great interest. In cancer immunity, immunopeptides, presented by human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I, play a role as initiating mediators of immunogenicity. The latest advancement in the interdisciplinary multiomics approach has rapidly enlightened us about the identity of the "dark matter" of cancer and the associated immunopeptides. In this field, mass spectrometry (MS) is a viable option to select because of the naturally processed and actually presented TSA candidates in order to grasp the whole picture of the immunopeptidome. In the past few years the search space has been enlarged by the multiomics approach, the sensitivity of mass spectrometers has been improved, and deep/machine-learning-supported peptide search algorithms have taken immunopeptidomics to the next level. In this review, along with the introduction of key technical advancements in immunopeptidomics, the potential and further directions of immunopeptidomics will be reviewed from the perspective of cancer immunotherapy. CI - (c) 2024 The Authors. Cancer Science published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Japanese Cancer Association. FAU - Minegishi, Yuriko AU - Minegishi Y AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-1655-1902 AD - Cancer Proteomics Group, Cancer Precision Medicine Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Haga, Yoshimi AU - Haga Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7861-617X AD - Cancer Proteomics Group, Cancer Precision Medicine Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Ueda, Koji AU - Ueda K AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9066-4959 AD - Cancer Proteomics Group, Cancer Precision Medicine Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan. LA - eng GR - 20ae0101074s0302/Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development/ GR - Shimadzu Corporation/ GR - 23K04971/Japan Society for the Promotion of Science/ PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20240221 PL - England TA - Cancer Sci JT - Cancer science JID - 101168776 RN - 0 (Histocompatibility Antigens Class I) RN - 0 (Antigens, Neoplasm) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Neoplasms/therapy MH - Histocompatibility Antigens Class I MH - Antigens, Neoplasm MH - Mass Spectrometry/methods MH - Immunotherapy PMC - PMC11007014 OTO - NOTNLM OT - cancer immunotherapy OT - immunopeptidomics OT - mass spectrometry OT - neoantigen COIS- K.U. is an editorial board member of Cancer Science. Y.M. and Y.H. have no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2024/02/22 00:43 MHDA- 2024/04/12 06:44 PMCR- 2024/02/21 CRDT- 2024/02/21 18:17 PHST- 2024/02/02 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/12/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/02/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/04/12 06:44 [medline] PHST- 2024/02/22 00:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/02/21 18:17 [entrez] PHST- 2024/02/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - CAS16118 [pii] AID - 10.1111/cas.16118 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Cancer Sci. 2024 Apr;115(4):1048-1059. doi: 10.1111/cas.16118. Epub 2024 Feb 21.