PMID- 38387489
OWN - NLM
STAT- Publisher
LR  - 20240302
IS  - 1096-0953 (Electronic)
IS  - 0013-9351 (Linking)
VI  - 250
DP  - 2024 Feb 21
TI  - Co-exposure to fluoride and sulfur dioxide induces abnormal enamel mineralization 
      in rats via the FGF9-mediated MAPK signaling pathway.
PG  - 118527
LID - S0013-9351(24)00431-6 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118527 [doi]
AB  - Fluoride (F) and sulfur dioxide (SO(2)) contamination is recognized as a public 
      health concern worldwide. Our previous research has shown that Co-exposure to F 
      and SO(2) can cause abnormal enamel mineralization. Ameloblastin (AMBN) plays a 
      crucial role in the process of enamel mineralization. However, the process by 
      which simultaneous exposure to F and SO(2) influences enamel formation by 
      regulating AMBN expression still needs to be understood. This study aimed to 
      establish in vivo and in vitro models of F-SO(2) Co-exposure and investigate the 
      relationship between AMBN and abnormal enamel mineralization. By 
      overexpressing/knocking out the Fibroblast Growth Factor 9 (FGF9) gene, we 
      investigated the impact of FGF9-mediated Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) 
      signaling on AMBN synthesis to elucidate the mechanism underlying the induction 
      of abnormal enamel mineralization by F-SO(2) Co-exposure in rats. The results 
      showed that F-SO(2) exposure damaged the structure of rat enamel and ameloblasts. 
      When exposed to F or SO(2), gradual increases in the protein expression of FGF9 
      and phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p-P38) were observed. 
      Conversely, the protein levels of AMBN, phosphorylated extracellular 
      signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK), and phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase 
      (p-JNK) were decreased. AMBN expression was significantly correlated with FGF9, 
      p-ERK, and p-JNK expression in ameloblasts. Interestingly, FGF9 overexpression 
      reduced the levels of p-ERK and p-JNK, worsening the inhibitory effect of F-SO(2) 
      on AMBN. Conversely, FGF9 knockout increased the phosphorylation of ERK and JNK, 
      partially reversing the F-SO(2)-induced downregulation of AMBN. Taken together, 
      these findings strongly demonstrate that FGF9 plays a critical role in 
      F-SO(2)-induced abnormal enamel mineralization by regulating AMBN synthesis 
      through the JNK and ERK pathways.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Lv, Ying
AU  - Lv Y
AD  - Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, 
      Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, 
      Guiyang, 550025, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and 
      Control of Endemic and Ethnic Regional Diseases Co-constructed By the Province 
      and Ministry, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
FAU - Yao, Jin
AU  - Yao J
AD  - Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, 
      Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, 
      Guiyang, 550025, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and 
      Control of Endemic and Ethnic Regional Diseases Co-constructed By the Province 
      and Ministry, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
FAU - Wang, Yang
AU  - Wang Y
AD  - Infrastructure Construction Department, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 
      550025, China.
FAU - Bai, Guohui
AU  - Bai G
AD  - Key Laboratory of Oral Disease Research, School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical 
      University, Zunyi, China.
FAU - Lin, Changhu
AU  - Lin C
AD  - Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, 
      Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, 
      Guiyang, 550025, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and 
      Control of Endemic and Ethnic Regional Diseases Co-constructed By the Province 
      and Ministry, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China. Electronic 
      address: linchanghu79@sina.com.
FAU - Tu, Chenglong
AU  - Tu C
AD  - Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, 
      Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, 
      Guiyang, 550025, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and 
      Control of Endemic and Ethnic Regional Diseases Co-constructed By the Province 
      and Ministry, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China. Electronic 
      address: chenglongtu@163.com.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20240221
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Environ Res
JT  - Environmental research
JID - 0147621
SB  - IM
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Enamel
OT  - FGF9
OT  - Fluoride
OT  - MAPK
OT  - Mineralization
OT  - SO(2)
COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known 
      competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared 
      to influence the work reported in this paper.
EDAT- 2024/02/23 00:42
MHDA- 2024/02/23 00:42
CRDT- 2024/02/22 19:12
PHST- 2023/12/19 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2024/01/25 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2024/02/19 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2024/02/23 00:42 [pubmed]
PHST- 2024/02/23 00:42 [medline]
PHST- 2024/02/22 19:12 [entrez]
AID - S0013-9351(24)00431-6 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118527 [doi]
PST - aheadofprint
SO  - Environ Res. 2024 Feb 21;250:118527. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118527.