PMID- 38387969 OWN - NLM STAT- Publisher LR - 20240222 IS - 1399-3003 (Electronic) IS - 0903-1936 (Linking) DP - 2024 Feb 22 TI - Long-term Radiological and Pulmonary Function Abnormalities at 3-year post COVID-19 Hospitalization: A Longitudinal Cohort Study. LID - 2301612 [pii] LID - 10.1183/13993003.01612-2023 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate the longitudinal progression of residual lung abnormalities (ground-glass opacities, reticulations, and fibrotic-like changes) and pulmonary function, three years following coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19). METHODS: This prospective, longitudinal cohort study enrolled COVID-19 survivors who exhibited residual lung abnormalities upon discharge from two hospitals. Follow-up assessments were conducted at 6 months, 12 months, 2 years, and 3 years post-discharge, and included pulmonary function tests, 6-minute walk distance (6MWD), chest CT scans, and symptom questionnaires. Non-COVID-19 controls were retrospectively recruited for comparative analysis. RESULTS: 728 COVID-19 survivors and 792 controls were included. From 6 months to 3 years, there was a gradual improvement in reduced diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO＜80% predicted, 49% versus 38%, p=0.001), 6MWD (496 m versus 510 m, p=0.002) and residual lung abnormalities(46% versus 36%, p<0.001), regardless of the disease severity. Patients with residual lung abnormalities at 3 years more commonly had respiratory symptoms (32% versus 16%, p<0.001), lower 6MWD (494 m versus 510 m, p=0.003), and abnormal DLCO (57% versus 27%, p<0.001) compared to those with complete resolution. Compared to the controls, the proportion of DLCO impairment (38% versus 17%, p<0.001) and respiratory symptoms (23% versus 2.2%, p<0.001) were significantly higher in the matched COVID-19 survivors at the 3-year follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Most patients exhibited improvement in radiological abnormalities and pulmonary function over time following COVID-19. However, more than one-third continued to have persistent lung abnormalities at the 3-year mark, which were associated with respiratory symptoms and reduced diffusion capacity. CI - Copyright (c)The authors 2024. For reproduction rights and permissions contact permissions@ersnet.org. FAU - Han, Xiaoyu AU - Han X AD - Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province , The People's Republic of China. AD - Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, The People's Republic of China. AD - Xiaoyu Han, Lu Chen, LiYan Guo and Linxia Wu contributed equally to this work. FAU - Chen, Lu AU - Chen L AD - Department of Radiology, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College of HuaZhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, The People's Republic of China. AD - Xiaoyu Han, Lu Chen, LiYan Guo and Linxia Wu contributed equally to this work. FAU - Guo, Liyan AU - Guo L AD - Department of Function, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College of HuaZhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, The People's Republic of China. AD - Xiaoyu Han, Lu Chen, LiYan Guo and Linxia Wu contributed equally to this work. FAU - Wu, Linxia AU - Wu L AD - Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province , The People's Republic of China. AD - Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, The People's Republic of China. AD - Xiaoyu Han, Lu Chen, LiYan Guo and Linxia Wu contributed equally to this work. FAU - Alwalid, Osamah AU - Alwalid O AD - Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar. FAU - Liu, Jie AU - Liu J AD - Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province , The People's Republic of China. AD - Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, The People's Republic of China. FAU - Zheng, Yuting AU - Zheng Y AD - Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province , The People's Republic of China. AD - Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, The People's Republic of China. FAU - Chen, Leqing AU - Chen L AD - Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province , The People's Republic of China. AD - Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, The People's Republic of China. FAU - Wu, Wenlong AU - Wu W AD - Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province , The People's Republic of China. AD - Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, The People's Republic of China. FAU - Li, Hanting AU - Li H AD - Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province , The People's Republic of China. AD - Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, The People's Republic of China. FAU - Luo, Qinyue AU - Luo Q AD - Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province , The People's Republic of China. AD - Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, The People's Republic of China. FAU - Zhao, Huangxuan AU - Zhao H AD - Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province , The People's Republic of China. AD - Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, The People's Republic of China. FAU - Zhang, Lijie AU - Zhang L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6296-2219 AD - Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province , The People's Republic of China. AD - Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, The People's Republic of China. FAU - Bai, Yaowei AU - Bai Y AD - Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province , The People's Republic of China. AD - Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, The People's Republic of China. FAU - Sun, Bo AU - Sun B AD - Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province , The People's Republic of China. AD - Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, The People's Republic of China. FAU - Sun, Tao AU - Sun T AD - Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province , The People's Republic of China. AD - Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, The People's Republic of China. FAU - Gui, Yuxi AU - Gui Y AD - Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province , The People's Republic of China. AD - Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, The People's Republic of China. FAU - Nie, Tong AU - Nie T AD - Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province , The People's Republic of China. AD - Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, The People's Republic of China. FAU - Chen, Lei AU - Chen L AD - Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province , The People's Republic of China. AD - Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, The People's Republic of China. FAU - Yang, Fan AU - Yang F AD - Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province , The People's Republic of China. AD - Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, The People's Republic of China. AD - Fan Yang, Yanqing Fan, Heshui Shi and Chuansheng Zheng contributed equally to this work. FAU - Fan, Yanqing AU - Fan Y AD - Department of Radiology, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College of HuaZhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, The People's Republic of China. AD - Fan Yang, Yanqing Fan, Heshui Shi and Chuansheng Zheng contributed equally to this work. FAU - Shi, Heshui AU - Shi H AD - Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province , The People's Republic of China. AD - Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, The People's Republic of China. AD - Fan Yang, Yanqing Fan, Heshui Shi and Chuansheng Zheng contributed equally to this work. FAU - Zheng, Chuansheng AU - Zheng C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2435-1417 AD - Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province , The People's Republic of China hqzcsxh@sina.com heshuishi@hust.edu.cn 1024932023@qq.com fyang@hust.edu.cn. AD - Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, The People's Republic of China. AD - Fan Yang, Yanqing Fan, Heshui Shi and Chuansheng Zheng contributed equally to this work. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20240222 PL - England TA - Eur Respir J JT - The European respiratory journal JID - 8803460 SB - IM COIS- Conflict of Interest: All authors have nothing to disclose. EDAT- 2024/02/23 00:43 MHDA- 2024/02/23 00:43 CRDT- 2024/02/22 20:43 PHST- 2023/09/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2024/02/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/02/23 00:43 [medline] PHST- 2024/02/23 00:43 [pubmed] PHST- 2024/02/22 20:43 [entrez] AID - 13993003.01612-2023 [pii] AID - 10.1183/13993003.01612-2023 [doi] PST - aheadofprint SO - Eur Respir J. 2024 Feb 22:2301612. doi: 10.1183/13993003.01612-2023.