PMID- 38442720
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20240307
LR  - 20240307
IS  - 1598-6357 (Electronic)
IS  - 1011-8934 (Print)
IS  - 1011-8934 (Linking)
VI  - 39
IP  - 8
DP  - 2024 Mar 4
TI  - Association Between Multiple Heavy Metal Exposures and Cholesterol Levels in 
      Residents Living Near a Smelter Plant in Korea.
PG  - e77
LID - 10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e77 [doi]
LID - e77
AB  - BACKGROUND: Considering the interactions between heavy metals, a comprehensive 
      evaluation of the effects of exposure to various types of co-interacting heavy 
      metals on health is required. This study assessed the association between 
      dyslipidemia markers and blood mercury, lead, cadmium, iron, zinc, and nickel 
      levels in residents of an abandoned refinery plant. METHODS: A total of 972 
      individuals (exposed group: 567, control group: 405) living near the Janghang 
      refinery plant in the Republic of Korea were included. Blood mercury, lead, 
      cadmium, iron, zinc, nickel, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels were measured. 
      The combined effect of the six heavy metals on dyslipidemia markers was evaluated 
      using a Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) model and compared with the 
      results of a linear regression analysis. The BKMR model results were compared 
      using a stratified analysis of the exposed and control groups. RESULTS: In the 
      BKMR model, the combined effect of the six heavy metals was significantly 
      associated with total cholesterol (TC) levels both below the 45th percentile and 
      above the 55th percentile in the total population. The combined effect range 
      between the 25th and 75th percentiles of the six metals on TC levels was larger 
      in the exposed group than that in the total population. In the control group, the 
      combined effects of the changes in concentration of the six heavy metals on the 
      TC concentration were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: These results 
      suggest that the cholesterol levels of residents around the Janghang refinery 
      plant may be elevated owing to exposure to multiple heavy metals.
CI  - (c) 2024 The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences.
FAU - Moon, Sun-In
AU  - Moon SI
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4485-5089
AD  - Chungbuk Environmental Health Center, Chungbuk National University Hospital, 
      Cheongju, Korea.
AD  - Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National 
      University, Cheongju, Korea.
FAU - Yim, Dong-Hyuk
AU  - Yim DH
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7230-0729
AD  - Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National 
      University, Cheongju, Korea.
FAU - Choi, Kyunghi
AU  - Choi K
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6546-9323
AD  - Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National 
      University, Cheongju, Korea.
FAU - Eom, Sang-Yong
AU  - Eom SY
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4559-8152
AD  - Chungbuk Environmental Health Center, Chungbuk National University Hospital, 
      Cheongju, Korea.
AD  - Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National 
      University, Cheongju, Korea.
AD  - Department of Office of Public Healthcare Service, Chungbuk National University 
      Hospital, Cheongju, Korea.
FAU - Choi, Byung-Sun
AU  - Choi BS
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9895-7123
AD  - Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, 
      Seoul, Korea.
FAU - Park, Jung-Duck
AU  - Park JD
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0667-4674
AD  - Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, 
      Seoul, Korea.
FAU - Kim, Heon
AU  - Kim H
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0329-5249
AD  - Chungbuk Environmental Health Center, Chungbuk National University Hospital, 
      Cheongju, Korea.
AD  - Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National 
      University, Cheongju, Korea.
AD  - Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Chungbuk National 
      University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea.
FAU - Kim, Yong-Dae
AU  - Kim YD
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4671-8045
AD  - Chungbuk Environmental Health Center, Chungbuk National University Hospital, 
      Cheongju, Korea.
AD  - Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National 
      University, Cheongju, Korea.
AD  - Chungbuk Regional Cancer Center, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, 
      Korea. ydkim@cbu.ac.kr.
LA  - eng
GR  - 2008-07-957/Seocheon County and the National Institute of Environmental 
      Research/Korea
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20240304
PL  - Korea (South)
TA  - J Korean Med Sci
JT  - Journal of Korean medical science
JID - 8703518
RN  - 00BH33GNGH (Cadmium)
RN  - 7OV03QG267 (Nickel)
RN  - 0 (Metals, Heavy)
RN  - J41CSQ7QDS (Zinc)
RN  - E1UOL152H7 (Iron)
RN  - FXS1BY2PGL (Mercury)
SB  - IM
MH  - Humans
MH  - Cadmium
MH  - Nickel
MH  - Bayes Theorem
MH  - *Metals, Heavy
MH  - Zinc
MH  - Iron
MH  - Republic of Korea
MH  - *Dyslipidemias
MH  - *Mercury
PMC - PMC10911942
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - BKMR Analysis
OT  - Dyslipidemia
OT  - Heavy Metals
OT  - Refinery Plant
COIS- The authors have no potential conflicts of interest to disclose.
EDAT- 2024/03/06 00:42
MHDA- 2024/03/07 06:43
PMCR- 2024/03/04
CRDT- 2024/03/05 18:43
PHST- 2023/08/04 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/11/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2024/03/07 06:43 [medline]
PHST- 2024/03/06 00:42 [pubmed]
PHST- 2024/03/05 18:43 [entrez]
PHST- 2024/03/04 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 39.e77 [pii]
AID - 10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e77 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - J Korean Med Sci. 2024 Mar 4;39(8):e77. doi: 10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e77.