PMID- 38445204
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20240307
IS  - 2296-861X (Print)
IS  - 2296-861X (Electronic)
IS  - 2296-861X (Linking)
VI  - 11
DP  - 2024
TI  - Carbohydrate mouth rinse failed to reduce central fatigue, lower perceived 
      exertion, and improve performance during incremental exercise.
PG  - 1329074
LID - 10.3389/fnut.2024.1329074 [doi]
LID - 1329074
AB  - We examined if carbohydrate (CHO) mouth rinse may reduce central fatigue and 
      perceived exertion, thus improving maximal incremental test (MIT) performance. 
      Nine recreational cyclists warmed up for 6 min before rinsing a carbohydrate 
      (CHO) or placebo (PLA) solution in their mouth for 10 s in a double-blind, 
      counterbalanced manner. Thereafter, they performed the MIT (25 W.min(-1) 
      increases until exhaustion) while cardiopulmonary and ratings of perceived 
      exertion (RPE) responses were obtained. Pre- to post-MIT alterations in voluntary 
      activation (VA) and peak twitch torque (Tw) were determined. Time-to-exhaustion 
      (p = 0.24), peak power output (PPO; p = 0.45), and V̇O(2MAX) (p = 0.60) were 
      comparable between conditions. Neither treatment main effect nor time-treatment 
      interaction effect were observed in the first and second ventilatory threshold 
      when expressed as absolute or relative V̇O(2) (p = 0.78 and p = 0.96, 
      respectively) and power output (p = 0.28 and p = 0.45, respectively) values, 
      although with moderate-to-large effect sizes. RPE increased similarly throughout 
      the tests and was comparable at the ventilatory thresholds (p = 0.56). Despite 
      the time main effect revealing an MIT-induced central and peripheral fatigue as 
      indicated by the reduced VA and Tw, CHO mouth rinse was ineffective in 
      attenuating both fatigues. Hence, rinsing the mouth with CHO was ineffective in 
      reducing central fatigue, lowering RPE, and improving MIT performance expressed 
      as PPO and time-to-exhaustion. However, moderate-to-large effect sizes in power 
      output values at VT(1) and VT(2) may suggest some beneficial CHO mouth rinse 
      effects on these MIT outcomes.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2024 Pires, Pinheiro, Brietzke, Franco-Alvarenga, Veras, de Matos, 
      Rodacki and Ugrinowitsch.
FAU - Pires, Flavio O
AU  - Pires FO
AD  - Exercise Psychophysiology Research Group, School of Arts, Science and Humanities, 
      University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
FAU - Pinheiro, Fabiano A
AU  - Pinheiro FA
AD  - Exercise Psychophysiology Research Group, School of Arts, Science and Humanities, 
      University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
AD  - School of Physical Education and Sports, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 
      Brazil.
FAU - Brietzke, Cayque
AU  - Brietzke C
AD  - Exercise Psychophysiology Research Group, School of Arts, Science and Humanities, 
      University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
FAU - Franco-Alvarenga, Paulo Estevao
AU  - Franco-Alvarenga PE
AD  - Exercise Psychophysiology Research Group, School of Arts, Science and Humanities, 
      University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
FAU - Veras, Katherine
AU  - Veras K
AD  - Department of Nutrition, University of Mogi das Cruzes, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
FAU - de Matos, Eugenia C T
AU  - de Matos ECT
AD  - Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Parana, Parana, Brazil.
FAU - Rodacki, Andre L F
AU  - Rodacki ALF
AD  - Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Parana, Parana, Brazil.
FAU - Ugrinowitsch, Carlos
AU  - Ugrinowitsch C
AD  - School of Physical Education and Sports, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 
      Brazil.
AD  - Department of Health Sciences and Human Performance, The University of Tampa, 
      Tampa, FL, United States.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20240220
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Nutr
JT  - Frontiers in nutrition
JID - 101642264
PMC - PMC10912157
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - V̇O2MAX
OT  - brain
OT  - cycling
OT  - endurance performance
OT  - supplementation
COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any 
      commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential 
      conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2024/03/06 06:44
MHDA- 2024/03/06 06:45
PMCR- 2024/01/01
CRDT- 2024/03/06 04:02
PHST- 2023/10/27 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2024/01/22 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2024/03/06 06:45 [medline]
PHST- 2024/03/06 06:44 [pubmed]
PHST- 2024/03/06 04:02 [entrez]
PHST- 2024/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fnut.2024.1329074 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Nutr. 2024 Feb 20;11:1329074. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1329074. eCollection 
      2024.