PMID- 38484988
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20240408
LR  - 20240408
IS  - 1879-1298 (Electronic)
IS  - 0045-6535 (Linking)
VI  - 354
DP  - 2024 Apr
TI  - Deciphering the seasonal dynamics of microplastic morphotypes and associated 
      co-contaminants along the northwest coast of India.
PG  - 141690
LID - S0045-6535(24)00583-6 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141690 [doi]
AB  - In the present study, the northwest coast of India, bordering the Arabian Sea, 
      was selected to evaluate the microplastic (MP) abundance. This is the first study 
      to emphasize the effects of different seasons on MP distribution. The collected 
      MPs were dried, segregated, and evaluated based on their morphotype, size, color, 
      and polymer type. A total of 1756.6, 7326.6, and 202 particles/kg of sand were 
      estimated in the pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon seasons, respectively, 
      with a dominance of polypropylene (PP) type of plastic in the pre-monsoon and 
      high-density polyethylene (HDPE) in monsoon and post-monsoon seasons. HDPE and PP 
      collected MPs during the monsoon season were further characterized for associated 
      contaminants. Metal absorbance was detected using SEM-EDX mapping and ICP-MS. The 
      presence of organic compounds (OCs) was analyzed using GC-MS. MPs exhibit 
      distinct associations with metals, among which the HDPE pellet morphotype 
      exhibits a higher range of metal adsorption. Total 61 different OCs were 
      associated with MPs. The HDPE pellets contained the highest amounts of 
      hydrophobic organic compounds. PP pellets were found to contain triglycerides, 
      fatty aldehydes, and alkaloids, along with HOCs. Among morphotypes, pellet forms 
      of MPs were found to adsorb more contaminants. These co-contaminants infiltrate 
      the study area through sewage runoff and shoreline debris deposition, 
      subsequently interacting with MPs. Furthermore, the MP diversity was studied by 
      employing the MP diversity integrated index, which suggests that most of the MP 
      diversity was observed in the pre-monsoon period. The pollution load index 
      employed an MP risk assessment, which presented a low degree of MP contamination. 
      In contrast, the polymer hazard index was calculated as 21650.3 in post-monsoon, 
      placing the area under the extreme danger category. It is evident from the data 
      that the types of MP is more important than their number. Thus, MP morphotypes 
      have importance in the adsorption of co-contaminants.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Maurya, Ankita C
AU  - Maurya AC
AD  - Enzyme and Microbial Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian 
      Institute of Technology, Delhi, New Delhi-11016, India.
FAU - Bhattacharya, Amrik
AU  - Bhattacharya A
AD  - Enzyme and Microbial Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian 
      Institute of Technology, Delhi, New Delhi-11016, India.
FAU - Vij, Varun
AU  - Vij V
AD  - Enzyme and Microbial Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian 
      Institute of Technology, Delhi, New Delhi-11016, India.
FAU - Khare, Sunil K
AU  - Khare SK
AD  - Enzyme and Microbial Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian 
      Institute of Technology, Delhi, New Delhi-11016, India. Electronic address: 
      skhare781@gmail.com.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20240312
PL  - England
TA  - Chemosphere
JT  - Chemosphere
JID - 0320657
RN  - 0 (Microplastics)
RN  - 0 (Plastics)
RN  - 9002-88-4 (Polyethylene)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
RN  - 0 (Polypropylenes)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Microplastics
MH  - Plastics/chemistry
MH  - Seasons
MH  - Polyethylene
MH  - *Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis
MH  - Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Polypropylenes
MH  - India
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Co-contaminants
OT  - Microplastics
OT  - Morphotypes
OT  - Northwest coast
OT  - Risk assessment
COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known 
      competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared 
      to influence the work reported in this paper.
EDAT- 2024/03/15 00:43
MHDA- 2024/04/08 06:43
CRDT- 2024/03/14 20:28
PHST- 2024/01/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2024/02/23 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2024/03/11 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2024/04/08 06:43 [medline]
PHST- 2024/03/15 00:43 [pubmed]
PHST- 2024/03/14 20:28 [entrez]
AID - S0045-6535(24)00583-6 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141690 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Chemosphere. 2024 Apr;354:141690. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141690. Epub 
      2024 Mar 12.