PMID- 38494033
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20240329
IS  - 1879-1026 (Electronic)
IS  - 0048-9697 (Linking)
VI  - 925
DP  - 2024 May 15
TI  - Occurrence, distribution and annual emissions of chlorinated paraffins in 
      hazardous byproducts from municipal solid waste incineration plants in South 
      China.
PG  - 171764
LID - S0048-9697(24)01907-7 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171764 [doi]
AB  - Nowadays incineration technology has become the most mainstream way for the 
      disposal of municipal wastes. Short chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) and 
      medium chain chlorinated paraffins (MCCPs) are currently classified as new 
      persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and candidate POPs under the Stockholm 
      Convention, respectively. However, the occurrence and contamination 
      characteristics of these main hazardous byproducts (e.g., leachate, fly ash, and 
      bottom ash) from municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) plants have remained 
      unknown. This study focused on the SCCPs and MCCPs (defined as CPs) contamination 
      and their annual emissions from leachate, fly ash, and bottom ash among three 
      typical MSWI plants in Shenzhen, South China. Compared to the dissolved phase of 
      the leachate, higher concentrations of CPs were detected in the adsorbed phase. 
      The total concentrations of CPs ranged from lower method detection limits (<MDLs) 
      to 448 ng/g in fly ash and 124 to 7230 ng/g in bottom ash. The ratios of MCCPs to 
      SCCPs were generally >1 in leachate (i.e., adsorbed phase) and bottom ash, while 
      the opposite results were found in fly ash. The dominant SCCP congener groups 
      were C(10)Cl(6-7) in leachate and fly ash, and C(13)Cl(6-7) in bottom ash. The 
      dominant MCCP congener groups were C(14)Cl(7-8) in leachate, fly ash and bottom 
      ash samples. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed the dominant CPs in fly 
      ash were obviously different from those in leachate and bottom ash. Estimated 
      total annual emissions of CPs from the three main hazardous byproducts generated 
      from typical MSWI plants were estimated between 66.2 and 7510 kg/y and bottom ash 
      contributed the most to the CP emissions. Overall, this study is the first report 
      on CP contamination in hazardous byproducts from MSWI plants, and can provide 
      basic data support for CP contamination control.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Han, Xu
AU  - Han X
AD  - Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of 
      Environment and Climate, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China.
FAU - Chen, Hui
AU  - Chen H
AD  - Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of 
      Environment and Climate, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China; Guangdong 
      Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Guangzhou 510045, China.
FAU - Zhou, Wei
AU  - Zhou W
AD  - Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of 
      Environment and Climate, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China.
FAU - Liang, Bowen
AU  - Liang B
AD  - Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of 
      Environment and Climate, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China.
FAU - Pang, Siqin
AU  - Pang S
AD  - Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of 
      Environment and Climate, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China.
FAU - Du, Bibai
AU  - Du B
AD  - Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of 
      Environment and Climate, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China.
FAU - Zeng, Lixi
AU  - Zeng L
AD  - Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of 
      Environment and Climate, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China; College of 
      Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, 
      China; School of Resources and Environmental Science, Quanzhou Normal University, 
      Quanzhou 362000, China. Electronic address: lxzeng@jnu.edu.cn.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20240316
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Sci Total Environ
JT  - The Science of the total environment
JID - 0330500
SB  - IM
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Annual emissions
OT  - Chlorinated paraffins
OT  - Hazardous byproducts
OT  - Municipal solid waste incineration
OT  - Principal component analysis
COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known 
      competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared 
      to influence the work reported in this paper.
EDAT- 2024/03/18 00:42
MHDA- 2024/03/18 00:43
CRDT- 2024/03/17 20:29
PHST- 2024/01/22 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2024/03/04 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2024/03/14 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2024/03/18 00:43 [medline]
PHST- 2024/03/18 00:42 [pubmed]
PHST- 2024/03/17 20:29 [entrez]
AID - S0048-9697(24)01907-7 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171764 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Sci Total Environ. 2024 May 15;925:171764. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171764. 
      Epub 2024 Mar 16.