PMID- 38510699
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20240322
LR  - 20240322
IS  - 1664-2392 (Print)
IS  - 1664-2392 (Electronic)
IS  - 1664-2392 (Linking)
VI  - 15
DP  - 2024
TI  - Quantitative susceptibility mapping for iron monitoring of multiple subcortical 
      nuclei in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
PG  - 1331831
LID - 10.3389/fendo.2024.1331831 [doi]
LID - 1331831
AB  - INTRODUCTION: Iron accumulation in the brain has been linked to diabetes, but its 
      role in subcortical structures involved in motor and cognitive functions remains 
      unclear. Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) allows the non-invasive 
      quantification of iron deposition in the brain. This systematic review and 
      meta-analysis examined magnetic susceptibility measured by QSM in the subcortical 
      nuclei of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) compared with controls. 
      METHODS: PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were systematically 
      searched [following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and 
      Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines] for studies reporting QSM values in the deep 
      gray matter (DGM) regions of patients with T2DM and controls. Pooled standardized 
      mean differences (SMDs) for susceptibility were calculated using fixed-effects 
      meta-analysis models, and heterogeneity was assessed using I(2). Sensitivity 
      analyses were conducted, and publication bias was evaluated using Begg's and 
      Egger's tests. RESULTS: Six studies including 192 patients with T2DM and 245 
      controls were included. This study found a significant increase in iron 
      deposition in the subcortical nuclei of patients with T2DM compared to the 
      control group. The study found moderate increases in the putamen (SMD = 0.53, 95% 
      CI 0.33 to 0.72, p = 0.00) and dentate nucleus (SMD = 0.56, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.85, 
      p = 0.00) but weak associations between increased iron levels in the caudate 
      nucleus (SMD = 0.32, 95% CI 0.13 to 0.52, p = 0.00) and red nucleus (SMD = 0.22, 
      95% CI 0.00 0.44, p = 0.05). No statistical significance was found for iron 
      deposition alterations in the globus pallidus (SMD = 0.19; 95% CI -0.01 to 0.38; 
      p = 0.06) and substantia nigra (SMD = 0.12, 95% CI -0.10, 0.34, p = 0.29). 
      Sensitivity analysis showed that the findings remained unaffected by individual 
      studies, and consistent increases were observed in multiple subcortical areas. 
      DISCUSSION: QSM revealed an increase in iron in the DGM/subcortical nuclei in 
      T2DM patients versus controls, particularly in the motor and cognitive nuclei, 
      including the putamen, dentate nucleus, caudate nucleus, and red nucleus. Thus, 
      QSM may serve as a potential biomarker for iron accumulation in T2DM patients. 
      However, further research is needed to validate these findings.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2024 Mohammadi, Ghaderi, Sayehmiri and Fathi.
FAU - Mohammadi, Sana
AU  - Mohammadi S
AD  - Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical 
      Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
FAU - Ghaderi, Sadegh
AU  - Ghaderi S
AD  - Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies 
      in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
FAU - Sayehmiri, Fatemeh
AU  - Sayehmiri F
AD  - Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of 
      Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
FAU - Fathi, Mobina
AU  - Fathi M
AD  - Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of 
      Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
LA  - eng
PT  - Meta-Analysis
PT  - Systematic Review
DEP - 20240306
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)
JT  - Frontiers in endocrinology
JID - 101555782
RN  - E1UOL152H7 (Iron)
SB  - IM
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/diagnostic imaging
MH  - Iron
MH  - Magnetic Resonance Imaging
MH  - Brain/diagnostic imaging
MH  - Brain Mapping
PMC - PMC10950952
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - MRI
OT  - QSM
OT  - basal ganglia
OT  - diabetes
OT  - iron
COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any 
      commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential 
      conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2024/03/21 06:43
MHDA- 2024/03/22 06:44
PMCR- 2024/01/01
CRDT- 2024/03/21 04:14
PHST- 2023/11/01 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2024/02/19 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2024/03/22 06:44 [medline]
PHST- 2024/03/21 06:43 [pubmed]
PHST- 2024/03/21 04:14 [entrez]
PHST- 2024/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fendo.2024.1331831 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2024 Mar 6;15:1331831. doi: 
      10.3389/fendo.2024.1331831. eCollection 2024.