PMID- 38535492
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20240329
IS  - 2039-4713 (Electronic)
IS  - 2039-4705 (Print)
IS  - 2039-4705 (Linking)
VI  - 14
IP  - 1
DP  - 2024 Feb 22
TI  - Iron Oxide (Magnetite)-Based Nanobiomaterial with Medical 
      Applications-Environmental Hazard Assessment Using Terrestrial Model Species.
PG  - 285-294
LID - 10.3390/jox14010017 [doi]
AB  - Nanobiomaterials (NBMs) have tremendous potential applications including in 
      cancer diagnosis and treatment. However, the health and environmental effects of 
      NBMs must be thoroughly assessed to ensure safety. Fe(3)O(4) (magnetite) 
      nanoparticles coated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and poly (lactic-co-glycolic 
      acid) (PLGA) were one of the focus NBMs within the EU project BIORIMA. Fe(3)O(4) 
      PEG-PLGA has been proposed to be used as a contrast agent in magnetic resonance 
      imaging for the identification of solid tumors and has revealed low cytotoxicity 
      in several cell lines. However, the effects of Fe(3)O(4) PEG-PLGA have not been 
      assessed in terrestrial environments, the eventual final sink of most materials. 
      In the present study, the effects of Fe(3)O(4) PEG-PLGA and its precursor, 
      (un-coated) Fe(3)O(4) NMs, were assessed in soil model invertebrates Enchytraeus 
      crypticus (Oligochaeta) and Folsomia candida (Collembola). The endpoints were 
      survival, reproduction, and size, based on the standard OECD test (28 days) and 
      its extension (56 days). The results showed no toxicity for any of the endpoints 
      evaluated, indicating that the NBM Fe(3)O(4) PEG-PLGA poses no unacceptable risk 
      to the terrestrial environment.
FAU - Gomes, Susana I L
AU  - Gomes SIL
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7537-2341
AD  - Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
FAU - Scott-Fordsmand, Janeck J
AU  - Scott-Fordsmand JJ
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2260-1224
AD  - Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, C.F. Mollers Alle 4, DK-8000 Aarhus, 
      Denmark.
FAU - Amorim, Monica J B
AU  - Amorim MJB
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8137-3295
AD  - Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
LA  - eng
GR  - 760928/European Commission/
GR  - http://doi.org/10.54499/PTDC/CTA-AMB/3970/2020/Fundacao para a Ciencia e 
      Tecnologia/
GR  - UIDB/50017/2020 + UIDP/ 50017/2020 + LA/P/0094/2020/Fundacao para a Ciencia e 
      Tecnologia/
GR  - https://doi.org/10.54499/2021.02867.CEECIND/CP1659/CT0004/Fundacao para a Ciencia 
      e Tecnologia/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20240222
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - J Xenobiot
JT  - Journal of xenobiotics
JID - 101701430
PMC - PMC10971733
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Enchytraeus crypticus
OT  - Folsomia candida
OT  - LUFA 2.2 soil
OT  - advanced materials
OT  - long term
OT  - standard tests
COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
EDAT- 2024/03/27 12:49
MHDA- 2024/03/27 12:50
PMCR- 2024/02/22
CRDT- 2024/03/27 09:36
PHST- 2024/01/24 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2024/02/09 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2024/02/19 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2024/03/27 12:50 [medline]
PHST- 2024/03/27 12:49 [pubmed]
PHST- 2024/03/27 09:36 [entrez]
PHST- 2024/02/22 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - jox14010017 [pii]
AID - jox-14-00017 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/jox14010017 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - J Xenobiot. 2024 Feb 22;14(1):285-294. doi: 10.3390/jox14010017.