PMID- 6749682
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19821202
LR  - 20211216
IS  - 0019-9567 (Print)
IS  - 1098-5522 (Electronic)
IS  - 0019-9567 (Linking)
VI  - 37
IP  - 2
DP  - 1982 Aug
TI  - Development of a vaccine of cross-linked heat-stable and heat-labile enterotoxins 
      that protects against Escherichia coli producing either enterotoxin.
PG  - 550-7
AB  - A vaccine of cross-linked heat-stable (ST) and heat-labile (LT) toxins that 
      protects against heterologous serotypes of strains of Escherichia coli which 
      produce either the LT or ST enterotoxin was developed by conjugating ST to LT by 
      the carbodiimide reaction. Three interrelated factors were found to affect the 
      composition and properties of the final conjugate: (i) the amount of carbodiimide 
      added to the toxins, (ii) the initial ratio of ST to LT, and (iii) the duration 
      of the conjugation reaction. Optimal conjugation conditions were identified as a 
      carbodiimide-to-toxin ratio of 10:1 by weight, an initial molar ratio of ST to LT 
      of 100:1, and a conjugation reaction time of 96 h. This approach yielded a 
      conjugate that contained 96% by moles and 36% by weight pure ST, determined with 
      radioiodinated pure ST, and 34% by weight semi-pure ST, determined by the Lowry 
      protein method. The retained antigenicities of the conjugated toxins, as 
      determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, was greater than or equal to 
      82%, and their toxicities, as determined by the Y1 adrenal cell assay for LT and 
      by the suckling mouse assay for ST, were reduced to less than or equal to 0.15%. 
      Immunization of rats with this cross-linked ST-LT vaccine provided strong 
      protection against challenge with either the LT or the ST toxin or with viable 
      heterologous strains which produce these toxins, either singly or together. These 
      observations indicate that conjugation of ST to LT results in a unique new 
      immunogen in that ST acquires immunogenicity as a function of the reaction, LT 
      retains most of its antigenicity, and the toxic properties of each individual 
      toxin are greatly reduced.
FAU - Klipstein, F A
AU  - Klipstein FA
FAU - Engert, R F
AU  - Engert RF
FAU - Clements, J D
AU  - Clements JD
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Infect Immun
JT  - Infection and immunity
JID - 0246127
RN  - 0 (Antigens, Bacterial)
RN  - 0 (Bacterial Toxins)
RN  - 0 (Bacterial Vaccines)
RN  - 0 (Cross-Linking Reagents)
RN  - 0 (Enterotoxins)
RN  - 0 (Escherichia coli Proteins)
RN  - 0 (heat stable toxin (E coli))
RN  - D9K3SN2LNY (heat-labile enterotoxin, E coli)
RN  - RJ5OZG6I4A (Ethyldimethylaminopropyl Carbodiimide)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Antigens, Bacterial/immunology
MH  - *Bacterial Toxins
MH  - Bacterial Vaccines/*immunology/therapeutic use/toxicity
MH  - Cross-Linking Reagents/pharmacology
MH  - Enterotoxins/*immunology/therapeutic use/toxicity
MH  - Escherichia coli Infections/*immunology/prevention & control
MH  - *Escherichia coli Proteins
MH  - Ethyldimethylaminopropyl Carbodiimide/*pharmacology
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Inbred Strains
PMC - PMC347569
EDAT- 1982/08/01 00:00
MHDA- 1982/08/01 00:01
PMCR- 1982/08/01
CRDT- 1982/08/01 00:00
PHST- 1982/08/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1982/08/01 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1982/08/01 00:00 [entrez]
PHST- 1982/08/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1128/iai.37.2.550-557.1982 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Infect Immun. 1982 Aug;37(2):550-7. doi: 10.1128/iai.37.2.550-557.1982.