PMID- 7485484
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19951212
LR  - 20171213
IS  - 0002-9513 (Print)
IS  - 0002-9513 (Linking)
VI  - 269
IP  - 4 Pt 1
DP  - 1995 Oct
TI  - Regulation of hexokinase II and glycogen synthase mRNA, protein, and activity in 
      human muscle.
PG  - E701-8
AB  - Insulin regulates the activity of key enzymes of glucose metabolism in skeletal 
      muscle by altering transcription or translation or by producing activity-altering 
      modifications of preexisting enzyme molecules. Because of the small size of 
      percutaneous muscle biopsies, these phenomena have been difficult to study in 
      humans. This study was performed to determine how physiological hyperinsulinemia 
      regulates the activities of hexokinase (HK), glycogen synthase (GS), and GLUT-4 
      in human skeletal muscle in vivo. We determined mRNA abundance, protein content, 
      and activities for these proteins in muscle biopsies before and after a 
      hyperinsulinemic clamp in normal subjects. HK I, HK II, GS, and GLUT-4 were 
      expressed in muscle. HK II accounted for 80% of total HK activity and was 
      increased by insulin from a basal value of 2.11 +/- 0.26 to 3.35 +/- 0.47 
      pmol.min-1.mg protein-1 (P < 0.05); HK I activity was unaffected. Insulin 
      increased GS activity from 3.85 +/- 0.82 to 6.06 +/- 0.49 nmol.min-1.mg-1 (P < 
      0.01). HK II mRNA was increased 3.3 +/- 1.3-fold (P < 0.05) by insulin infusion. 
      HK I, GS, and GLUT-4 mRNA and protein were unaffected. Because insulin infusion 
      increased HK II but not GS mRNA, we conclude that HK II and GS may be regulated 
      by insulin by different mechanisms in human skeletal muscle.
FAU - Mandarino, L J
AU  - Mandarino LJ
AD  - Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio 
      78284, USA.
FAU - Printz, R L
AU  - Printz RL
FAU - Cusi, K A
AU  - Cusi KA
FAU - Kinchington, P
AU  - Kinchington P
FAU - O'Doherty, R M
AU  - O'Doherty RM
FAU - Osawa, H
AU  - Osawa H
FAU - Sewell, C
AU  - Sewell C
FAU - Consoli, A
AU  - Consoli A
FAU - Granner, D K
AU  - Granner DK
FAU - DeFronzo, R A
AU  - DeFronzo RA
LA  - eng
GR  - DK-24092/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - DK-35107/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - DK-47936/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - Am J Physiol
JT  - The American journal of physiology
JID - 0370511
RN  - 0 (Blood Glucose)
RN  - 0 (Glucose Transporter Type 4)
RN  - 0 (Insulin)
RN  - 0 (Monosaccharide Transport Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Muscle Proteins)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Messenger)
RN  - 0 (SLC2A4 protein, human)
RN  - EC 2.4.1.11 (Glycogen Synthase)
RN  - EC 2.7.1.1 (Hexokinase)
SB  - IM
EIN - Am J Physiol 1996 Jan;270(1 Pt 1):section E followi
MH  - Adult
MH  - Blood Glucose/analysis
MH  - Female
MH  - Glucose Clamp Technique
MH  - Glucose Transporter Type 4
MH  - Glycogen Synthase/*genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Hexokinase/*genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - Insulin/blood/pharmacology
MH  - Male
MH  - Monosaccharide Transport Proteins/genetics
MH  - *Muscle Proteins
MH  - Muscles/*metabolism
MH  - RNA, Messenger/*metabolism
EDAT- 1995/10/01 00:00
MHDA- 1995/10/01 00:01
CRDT- 1995/10/01 00:00
PHST- 1995/10/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1995/10/01 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1995/10/01 00:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1152/ajpendo.1995.269.4.E701 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Am J Physiol. 1995 Oct;269(4 Pt 1):E701-8. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.1995.269.4.E701.