PMID- 7598790
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19950808
LR  - 20071114
IS  - 1040-8363 (Print)
IS  - 1040-8363 (Linking)
VI  - 32
IP  - 2
DP  - 1995
TI  - HLA disease associations: models for the study of complex human genetic 
      disorders.
PG  - 183-219
AB  - The genes of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region, the major 
      histocompatibility complex (MHC) of humans, control a variety of functions 
      involved in immune response and influence susceptibility to over 40 diseases. 
      Theoretical studies in the development of models to determine the modes of 
      inheritance of the HLA-associated diseases have led to a better understanding of 
      the inheritance patterns in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 
      rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, ankylosing spondylitis, 
      hemochromatosis, celiac disease, and others. It is now clear that many of the 
      HLA-associated diseases involve heterogeneity in their HLA components, as well as 
      non-HLA genetic factors. This review is presented using HLA-associated diseases, 
      and in particular IDDM, as the example of interest, but the observations and 
      techniques presented have direct relevance to the study of all human diseases 
      with a complex genetic component. Three methods for localizing 
      disease-predisposing genes are presented: (1) association studies, including 
      population, family, and relative predispositional effects, (2) affected sib pair 
      and other affected-relative methods, and (3) lod score analysis. A variety of 
      complementary methods for studying the mode(s) of inheritance of the alleles at 
      the disease-predisposing locus and for identifying the alleles and amino acids 
      directly involved in the disease process also are presented.
FAU - Thomson, G
AU  - Thomson G
AD  - Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley 94720-3140, 
      USA.
LA  - eng
GR  - HD12731/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PT  - Review
PL  - England
TA  - Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci
JT  - Critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences
JID - 8914816
RN  - 0 (HLA Antigens)
SB  - IM
MH  - Arthritis, Rheumatoid/*genetics/immunology
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/*genetics/immunology
MH  - Disease Susceptibility
MH  - Genes, MHC Class I
MH  - Genes, MHC Class II
MH  - Genetics, Medical/*methods
MH  - HLA Antigens/*genetics
MH  - Humans
MH  - Major Histocompatibility Complex/*genetics
MH  - Pedigree
RF  - 163
EDAT- 1995/01/01 00:00
MHDA- 1995/01/01 00:01
CRDT- 1995/01/01 00:00
PHST- 1995/01/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1995/01/01 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1995/01/01 00:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.3109/10408369509084684 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci. 1995;32(2):183-219. doi: 10.3109/10408369509084684.