PMID- 7617822
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19950823
LR  - 20190726
IS  - 0033-3158 (Print)
IS  - 0033-3158 (Linking)
VI  - 118
IP  - 3
DP  - 1995 Apr
TI  - Comparative behavioural and neurochemical studies with a psychomotor stimulant, 
      an hallucinogen and 3,4-methylenedioxy analogues of amphetamine.
PG  - 295-304
AB  - Spontaneous behaviours were assessed in freely moving rats after treatment with 
      equimolar doses of drugs that share a basic amphetamine structure. The drugs used 
      included a psychomotor stimulant [(+)-amphetamine (AMPH)], an hallucinogen 
      [para-methoxyamphetamine (PMA)] and the entactogens 
      3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) and 
      3,4-methylenedioxy-N-ethylamphetamine (MDE). A detailed analysis of the frequency 
      and duration of 30 different behaviours and the temporal organization of the 
      behaviours was conducted in addition to measuring motor activity with an 
      automated device. Levels of the biogenic amines and their acid metabolites in 
      discrete brain regions and brain drug levels were also obtained. The automated 
      motor activity measures discriminated among entactogens, the stimulant and the 
      hallucinogen, but failed to distinguish between the hallucinogen and vehicle. 
      Principal components analysis and cluster analysis of the frequencies and 
      durations of the behaviours did not improve the classification of the drugs over 
      the automated motor activity measures. Only the cluster analysis of the 
      transitions between individual behaviours succeeded in differentiating the drug 
      classes from each other and from vehicle treatment. All the behavioural measures 
      classified one entactogen (MDE) as an hallucinogen. Cortical 5-hydroxytryptamine 
      (5-HT) measures grouped MDE with the other entactogens but did not distinguish 
      AMPH from vehicle. However, striatal dopamine measures differentiated AMPH from 
      vehicle treatment. Variations in the durations of behavioural effects across 
      drugs were associated with large differences in drug levels 3 h after injection. 
      Although the neurochemical data provided a classification system that most 
      closely parallels human subjective effects of these drugs, both the neurochemical 
      and the behavioural measures supported the existence of an entactogen class 
      distinct from a psychomotor stimulant and an hallucinogen.
FAU - Hegadoren, K M
AU  - Hegadoren KM
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
FAU - Martin-Iverson, M T
AU  - Martin-Iverson MT
FAU - Baker, G B
AU  - Baker GB
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - Germany
TA  - Psychopharmacology (Berl)
JT  - Psychopharmacology
JID - 7608025
RN  - 0 (Amphetamines)
RN  - 0 (Hallucinogens)
RN  - 102-32-9 (3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid)
RN  - 333DO1RDJY (Serotonin)
RN  - 4764-17-4 (3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine)
RN  - VTD58H1Z2X (Dopamine)
SB  - IM
MH  - 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid/metabolism
MH  - 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine/pharmacology
MH  - Amphetamines/*pharmacology
MH  - Animals
MH  - Behavior, Animal/*drug effects
MH  - Dopamine/metabolism
MH  - Hallucinogens/pharmacology
MH  - Male
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Sprague-Dawley
MH  - Serotonin/pharmacology
MH  - Smell/drug effects
MH  - Yawning/drug effects
EDAT- 1995/04/01 00:00
MHDA- 1995/04/01 00:01
CRDT- 1995/04/01 00:00
PHST- 1995/04/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1995/04/01 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1995/04/01 00:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/BF02245958 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1995 Apr;118(3):295-304. doi: 10.1007/BF02245958.